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SU18: Oral Pathology > Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Fungal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Which form of Candida albicans is a pathogen?

A

Hyphal form

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2
Q

What are the two forms of Candida albicans?

A

Yeast - commensal

Hyphal - pathogen

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3
Q

Which three factors determine whether candidiasis develops and to what severity?

A
  1. Host immune status
  2. Oral mucosal environment
  3. Virulence of candida strain
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4
Q

What are the three presentations of oral candidiasis?

A
  1. Pseudomembranous candidiasis
  2. Erythematous candidiasis
  3. Hyperplastic candidiasis
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5
Q

Which presentation of candidiasis is also known as “thrush”?

A

Pseudomembranous candidiasis

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6
Q

T/F: Pseudomembranous candidiasis appears as a white cottage cheese like plaque that cannot be wiped off.

A

FALSE

Can be wiped off

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7
Q

What is the most common site for erythematous candidiasis?

A

Tongue

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8
Q

Which type of candidiasis may be seen after using broad-spectrum antibiotics?

A

Acute strophic candidiasis

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9
Q

T/F: Acute atrophic candidiasis is typically asymptomatic.

A

False

Acute atrophic candidiasis- burning sensation

Central papillary atrophy - asymptomatic

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10
Q

Which form of candidiasis is the most common?

A

Erythematous

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11
Q

___________ is typically seen as an erythema of the palatal denture-bearing area.

A

Denture stomatitis

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12
Q

Where is the majority of the candida found in a patient with denture stomatitis?

A

On the denture

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13
Q

A patient presents with erythematous, cracking corners of the mouth? What is the diagnosis?

A

Angular Cheilitis

Often candida but may have some bacteria

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14
Q

Patient presents with redness around the entirety of the mouth/lips. Patient licks her lips and uses chapstick often. Diagnosis?

A

Perioral candidiasis

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15
Q

What are the major characteristics of chronic multifocal candidiasis?

A

Angular cheilitis, central papillary atrophy, and a kissing lesion of the posterior hard palate

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16
Q

_____________ is also known as candidal leukoplakia.

A

Hyperplastic candidiasis

17
Q

T/F: Hyperplastic candidiasis presents as a white patch that cannot be rubbed off.

A

True

18
Q

A patient presents with leukoplakia. After taking antifungal therapy the white plaque does not dissapear. What is the diagnosis?

A

Candidiasis superimposed on top of leukoplakia

**Not hyperplastic candidiasis

19
Q

T/F: Invasive candidiasis is commonly seen amongst patients.

A

False

Very rare; seen more in uncontrolled diabetes or immune suppression

20
Q

What is normally required to treat a life-threatening candidiasis infection?

A

IV amphotericin B

21
Q

____________ is a topical lozenge that can be used as to treat superficial candidiasis.

A

Clotrimazole

22
Q

What is the typical dosing schedule for clotrimazole?

A

5 lozenges/day for 10 days

23
Q

___________ is often used to soak RPD in for denture stomatitis.

A

Nystatin

24
Q

T/F: Fluconazole is an antifungal that is readily absorbed systemically.

A

True

No side effects; can be drug interactions

25
Q

What are two antifungal creams that can be used to treat angular cheilitis or perioral candidiasis?

A
  1. Mycolog II

2. Vytone

26
Q

Which form of histoplasmosis often produces oral lesions?

A

Disseminated

27
Q

Oral lesions from ____________ present as chronic painful ulcer or granular erythematous plaque. Often found on tongue, palate or buccal mucosa. Can be identical to malignancy.

A

Histoplasmosis

28
Q

T/F: Disseminated histoplasmosis has a fair prognosis.

A

False

Poor - mortality of 90% if untreated; 7-23% if treated

29
Q

Which fungal infection is endemic to the desert southwest U.S.?

A

Coccidioidomycosis

30
Q

Which fungal infection is caused by an organism that lives in pigeon droppings and normally affects immunosuppressed patients?

A

Cryptococcosis

31
Q

T/F: Oral lesions are common with cryptococcosis.

A

False

32
Q

Which fungus will present histopathologically with a 4-6 micron yeast in a clear halo?

A

Cryptococcosis

33
Q

___________ will cause nasal obstruction, bloody nasal discharge and will eventually spread to the brain.

A

Zygomycosis

34
Q

What fungal infection is second in frequency to candidiasis?

A

Aspergillosis

35
Q

T/F: Aspergillosis hyphae will show septations in histopathologic findings.

A

True

Aspergillosis - septations

Zygomycosis - no septations

36
Q

Which antifungal is used in life-threatening cases?

A

IV Amphotericin B

Side effect - nephrotoxicity

SU18: Oral Pathology (10 decks)

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