Viral components Flashcards
a fully formed virus that is able to establish an infection in a host cell
Virion
Nucleic acid
DNA or RNA (never both) can be single- or double-stranded; linear or circular
What is the role of a capsid and what is a neucleocapsid
- protein shell that surrounds the nucleic acid
Nucleocapsid: the capsid together with the nucleic acid
Naked viruses consist only of a nucleocapsid.
External covering of a nucleocapsid, usually a modified piece of the host’s cell membrane
Envelope
What is the shape of a non-envelope
polyhedral or helical
What is an eveloped virus and give an example
– membrane that surrounds capsid example: HIV
Complex virus(Why is it called this)
Example
has complicated additional structures. example: bacteriophage
Spikes can be found on which viruese, where do they project from, and what is the function
-can be found on naked or enveloped viruses.
-Project from the nucleocapsid or the envelope
-Allow viruses to dock with host cells
What are the 3 differet types of envelopes?
No-enveloped, enveloped, complex virus
2 examples of non-enveloped
poliovirus (polyhedral)
Helical shaped- Ebola virus
Example of enveloped virus
Influenza
Contains nucleic acid, capsomere, envelope and spiked
Most prominent feature of viruses
Composed of identical protein subunits called capsomeres
Capsomeres spontaneously self-assemble into the finished capsid.
Capsid
2 different types of capsid
Helical
Icosahedral
Take a bit of the cell membrane when they are released from a host cell.
enveloped virus
Cell membrane
Nuclear envelope
Endoplasmic reticulum
Enveloped viruses can bud from
