Notes

Question 1

CPE-

Answer 1

Any type of damage u durced by a cell. Virus induced damage to the cell that alters its microscopic appearance

Question 2

Examples of CPE(cell shape abd size)

Answer 2

Microscopic analysis- qualitative

Question 3

Types of CPe

Answer 3

Inclusion bodies, synctia

Question 4

Inclusion bodies

Answer 4

Areas and damaged host cell organelles in nucleus/cytoplasm. (Green areas in damaged host cell)

Question 5

Synctia(size)

Answer 5

Fusion of multiple host cells into a single large cells containing multiple nuclei

Question 6

Explain the term transformation

Answer 6

Process of/effect of inconvenience or cancer causing viruses

Question 7

How can transformation be caused in host?

Answer 7

Two ways
1) Direct(some viruses carry cancer causing genes)

2) Indirect- some viruses produce proteins that can lead to loss of growth regulations—> cancer

Question 8

What are the 4 symptoms of transformed cells

Answer 8

1) growth increase
2) chromosomes alterations
3) cell surface milecule changes
4) infinite divide

Question 9

What are tumor imitating mamal8an viruses called and give an example

Answer 9

Oncovirus

HTIV1
HERPES
PAPILLOVIRUS
HEPATITIS

Question 10

T-even bacteriophage eats

Answer 10

E coli

Question 11

Lytic cycle does whay to the bacteria

Answer 11

Kills it

Question 12

What are the 5 steps of the lyrics cycle

Answer 12

1. Attachment
2. Penetration-release of phage DNA by sheath, tiny gap created by phage lysozyme
3. Synthesis(bio). Phage DNA directs synthesis
4. Maturation- phage particles assemble
5. ReleSe- lysozyme breaks cell wall

Question 13

Steps of lysogenic cycle

Answer 13

1. Attachment
2. Penetration
   3) phage DNA- integrates/becomes part if bacterial chromosomes by recombination (becomes prophage)
3. Lysogenic bacterium- reproduces
4. Many cell divisions- bacterium acquires new traits from phages ex. Clostridium botulinum