Viral CNS diseases Flashcards
What does poliomyelitis result in?
Asymmetric flaccid paralysis following destruction of motor neurons in spinal cord
What is the most common outcome of polio infection?
Inapparent infection, asymptomatic to mild malaise
What is the source of the polio virus?
From a natural water source, once sewage was cleared, people would be infected following swimming.
What syndrome is described by muscle weakness,pain, and fatigue in paralyzed polio patients?
Post polio syndrome, usually 30-40 years following acute paralyzing polio case
What causes post polio syndrome?
Remaining motor units of CNS now react to overuse and fail (neuronal dropout, not new infection)
What is the current vaccine that is used for polio?
e-IPV, OPV was causing unacceptably high rates of polio, still used in 3rd world
What is the primary vector for an arbovirus?
Mosquitos and ticks
What is the primary reservoir for arbovirus? Is the disease always apparent in them?
Birds and small mammals in the US; no, the disease is not always apparent
What two groups are found in the Togaviridae group of arboviruses?
Alphavirus and Flavivirus
What diseases are found in alphaviruses?
Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Western Equine Encephalitis, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis
What diseases are found in flaviviruses?
St. Louis encephalitis, WNV
What disease is found in Bunyaviridae group? What sets it apart from Togaviridae group?
CAlifornia encephalitis; - stranded, non enveloped
What viruses is WNV most closely related to?
Yellow fever and St. Louis encephalitis
Why must you watch out for cross reactions between WNV and YF, dengue, and St. Louis encephalitis viruses?
Because if it crosses the BBB, this will be fatal. Important to run the ELISA or MAC-ELISA test to figure out which is which
What is the incubation period of rabies?
HIGHLY VARIABLE, weeks to years
