Hepatitis and HIV Flashcards
How do you make a diagnosis of Hep A?
ELISA to ID IgM ab’s
What is the source of virus for Hep A? Hep B?
Shed in feces, transmitted through food and water, close contact with family member as well; B is spread via semen, blood, and serum. A person is considered a lifelong source of infection
Presence of which antigen suggests that a person with Hep B is infectious?
HBeAg
What is the greatest risk factor for spreading Hep B to an infant? What percentage of infants develop chronic infection?
Chronic infection of the mother; 90%
A patient with subclinical Hep B would only be distinguished based on what?
by presence of anti-HBsAg
What is the hallmark serology determination of INITIAL ongoing HBV infection?
IgM anti-HBc (in the presence of HBsAg)
What is the hallmark serology determination of PAST infection of HBV?
IgG anti-HBc
Continued detection of which two antigens (either one or both) without antibody to them reveals probable chronic state?
HBeAg, HBcAg
What is used to treat a patient with HBV?
Chronically infected patients may be given PEG-interferon to inhibit viral replication
What vaccine is available for HBV?
yeast recombinant of the S antigen
Immunoglobulin is available to whom in an effort to mount an immune response?
Newborn infants of HBsAg positive mothers (plus vaccination). Remember the surface antigen is the only one we can antagonize
Fulminant hepatitis is more likely with combination of which two viruses?
HBV and HDV
How do you test for HCV?
EIA for ABs, may need a nucleic acid amplification
What is used to treat HCV?
Ribavirin, alpha interferon, and protease inhibitors
Which cells have CD4 and chemokine co-receptors that HIV infects?
Helper T, monocytes, and macrophages
