Viral Causes of Skin Disease Flashcards
Importance of viral skin disease
More common in large animal practice
Many LA viral skin diseases are NOTIFIABLE
Why are viral skin diseases notifiable?
Serious economic losses associate with infections
Some also zoonotic
Notifiable viral skin diseases
○ Foot and Mouth Disease
○ Vesicular Stomatitis
○ Swine Vesicular Disease
○ Bluetongue Virus
○ Rinderpest
○ Lumpy skin disease
○ Scrapie
○ Classical Swine Fever
○ African Swine fever
○ Sheep Pox
○ Goat Pox
What must you do if you diagnose a notifiable disease?
Legal obligation to report to APHA
Usually no treatment
Slaughter and disposal or infected/in-contact animals
Quarantine/protection zones
Movement restrictions
+/- vaccination
Eradication programmes
Surveillance programmes
Types of viral skin infections
Vesicular diseases
Papillomaviruses
Poxviruses
Parapoxviruses
Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Disease (PMWD)
Circovirus
Border disease - pestivirus
Vesicular disease clinical signs
Vesicles -> erosions/ulcers -> crusts
Locations:
○ Muzzle
○ Oral mucosa
○ Tongue
○ Udder/teats
○ Coronary band
Can cause shedding of hooves and horns
What species do vesicular diseases affect?
Wide range
Cloven foot species
Importance of vesicular disease
Many are notifable
Often difficult to differentiate from non-notifiable vesicular disease
Wide economic loss
Some are zoonotic
Non-notifiable vesicular diseases
○ Mucosae disease
○ Malignant catarrhal fever
○ Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
○ Bovine herpes mammillitis
Notifiable vesicular diseases
○ Foot and Mouth Disease
○ Vesicular Stomatitis
○ Swine Vesicular Disease
○ Bluetongue Virus
○ Rinderpest
Characteristics of papillomaviruses
Epitheliotropic
* Proliferative lesions
* Papillomas
Host specific
Enter via microabrasions
Usually occur in young animals
Regress spontaneously
Rarely undergo malignant transformation to SSC
Papillomavirus in cattle
Bovine Papilloma Virus (BPV)
* Very common
* Transmitted by fence posts, halters, tagging equipment
Can induce sarcomas/fibrosarcomas
Papillomaviruses in horses
BPV can cause equine sarcoids
* Transmitted by flies or tack
Equine papillomavirus
* ‘grass warts’ in young horses
Self limiting
* Aural plaques in pinna in older horses
Persist
Papillomaviruses in dogs
Canine Papilloma virus
○ Warts
Young dogs
Self-limiting
○ Pigmeneted viral plaques
French bulldogs
Lesions may persist
Pox virus characteristics
Macules - colour change
Papules
Vesicles
Pustules
Crusts
