Common Dermatology Therapeutics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are you trying to achieve with dermatology therapeutics?

A
  • Kill/repel parasites
    ○ Ectoparasiticides
  • Control/cure microbial infection
    ○ Antimicrobials
  • Control inflammation/ pruritus
    ○ Drugs for atopic dermatitis and autoimmune disease
  • Moisturise/ improve skin barrier function
  • Resolve scale
  • Treat otitis externa
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2
Q

What can be used to moisturise/improve skin barrier functions

A

Emollients
Moisturisers
Agents to improve skin barrier function

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3
Q

What is an emollient?

A

Softens, lubricates and soothes skin
Occlusive (‘seal in’ water content of stratum corneum)
Reduce trans-epidermal water loss
Animal/plant oil-based
E.g. lanolin, coconut oil, Vaseline

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4
Q

What is a moisturiser?

A

Increases water content of stratum corneum
E.g. Colloidal oatmeal, aloe vera, urea, glycerine, propylene glycol, sodium or ammonium lactate/lactic acid

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5
Q

Examples of agents that improve skin barrier function

A

○ E.g. Essential fatty acids (orally or topically), some essential oils, ophytrium

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6
Q

Limitations of chlorhexidine

A

Drys out skin
Use formulated with moisturiser

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7
Q

How can you control scale?

A

Antiseborrhoeic agents

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8
Q

Types of antiseborrhoeic agent

A

Keratolytic - reduce cohesion between cells of stratum corneum
Keratoplastic - restore normal epidermal epithelialisation and keratinisation

Examples:
* Sulphur
* Salicylic acid

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9
Q

Methods for treating Otitis externa

A

Polypharmacy ear drops (POM-V)
Ear cleaners

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10
Q

What do polypharmacy ear drops contain?

A

Glucocorticoid
Antifungal
Antibiotic

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11
Q

What can you select a polypharmacy ear drop based on?

A

Organism present
Level of inflammatory activity
Potential for ototoxicity
Nature of exudate
Frequency/ease of application

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12
Q

considerations for polymyxin-B

A

Inactivated by pus

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13
Q

Cerumenolytic

A

Dissolve cerumen

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14
Q

Surfactants

A

Emulsify debris

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15
Q

Astringents

A

Dry ear canal

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16
Q

Benefits of topical therapy

A
  • Skin is ideally suited to topical therapy
  • Less concerns about side effects associated with systemic drugs
    ○ E.g. antibiotics, glucocorticoids
  • Direct delivery of drug to skin
  • Can achieve higher concentration than with systemic therapy
  • Can target therapy
    ○ E.g. achieve differing actions on different areas