Violence in sport Flashcards
What is the definition of violence?
Intense physical force that is directed towards harming another individual or groups of individuals and can cause injury or death.
How do you remember the causes of violence?
Players - NEED
Spectators - HOPE
Both players & spectators - LOAFERR
What causes violence in players?
N - Nature of the game, physical contact in a game, eg rugby
E - Equipment - used as weapons in a game eg studs
E - Emotional issues - inability to control responses, eg fight between players in rugby.
D - De-humanisation - kit that removes the human qualities of a performer eg american football
What causes violence in spectators?
H - Hooligans - usually non-genuine fans that want to cause trouble. eg football hooliganism
O - Overcrowding, poor provisions. Not enough room, large queues.
P - Peer pressure - diminished responsibility of the crowd.
E - Emotional response to violence on the pitch. eg fighting on the pitch leading to fighting in the stands.
What causes violence in players and spectators?
L - Lack of limited deterrent. Punishments too lenient.
O - Opposition gamesmanship. Time wasting causes frustration and violence.
A - Alcohol, drugs and steroids. Spectators, lack of control. Steroids increase aggression.
F - Frustration at officials or performance
E - Excessive pressure to win - may be a way to win
R - Retaliation eg poor tackle in rugby leading to violence
R - Rivalry eg Derby games = more likely.
What 3 groups can violence have implications for?
Society
Sport
Performer
What implications can violence have on society?
It costs tax payer money in terms of policing. eg, increased policing at games between rivals.
Some might seek out and enjoy violence as entertainment eg hooliganism.
What implications can violence have on sport?
Reduces the reputation of the sport eg football because of hooliganism.
It gives a poor impression to young people, negative role modelling eg violence at pro level, increases violence at grass route level.
What implications can violence have on performer?
Injury; impacts on performance or fitness eg fist fight in rugby could injure wrist/hand.
It can damage a performers reputation eg Joey Barton
How do you remember the strategies to prevent violence?
Players - TEAMS
Spectators - CRISIS UP
What are the strategies to prevent violence in players?
T - Technology used to make considered judgements eg TMO in rugby to spot violence.
E - Educate, emphasis on fair play eg role models.
A - Adapt, change rules to encourage less violence. eg NGB’s creating new rules like rugby dump tackle.
M - More officials / better qualified at all levels eg all referees in premier league are pro.
S - Stricter punishments - more serious consequences for violent behaviour eg bigger fines / bans
What are the strategies to prevent violence in spectators?
C - Control/ban alcohol eg can’t drink in stands.
R - Responsible media coverage eg headlines not linking sport to violence.
I - Improve spectator facilities eg more space.
S - Separate fans eg home and away ends.
I - Increased police eg at games between rivals
S - Stricter punishments eg removal of season ticket
U - Use CCTV to find culprits
P - Promote events as family entertainment eg family sections
