Viking Settlers in the West

Question 1

Scottish Settlements

Answer 1

800s - Shetland and Orkney Isles
Pre 825 - North-East of Scotland
825 - Herbrides Island
850 - Isle of man

Question 2

Buildings (Scotland)

Answer 2

Previously inhabited by priests
All beside the sea
Vikings around Scotland lived in smaller buildings

Question 3

Viking Power + Control (Scotland)

Answer 3

Local chiefs ruled different settlements
By 1000 an Earl named (Thorfinn the Mighty) ruled over all
40% Shetlanders or 50% Orkney inhabitants are descendants of Scandinavians
Isle of man - 37%
Britain 10-20%

Question 4

Danish Rule in Danelaw

Answer 4

Held from 878 - 927
Allowed Danish customs to continue after their exit
Divided amongst different Jarls
Improved defences and trading links
Higher proportion of freemen in Danelaw than anywhere else

Question 5

Migrant Vikings

Answer 5

Migrants from Denmark followed the army
Started intermarrying with Anglo-Saxons

Question 6

Ireland

Answer 6

Expelled in 902
914 Vikings reoccupied Dublin

Question 7

France Further Raids

Answer 7

Raids continued to 930 and restarted in 980s
None of the raids lead to a settlement

Question 8

France 911

Answer 8

French King (Charles the Simple) defeated Viking leader (Rollo) in a battle
Charles offered Rollo land in return for him becoming a Christian

Question 9

Jorvik (York

Answer 9

The Great Heathen Army captured it in 866
By 1000, the population was 10,000
One of the most important cities in Northern Europe

Question 10

Trading in Jorvik

Answer 10

Reindeer antler
Walrus Ivory
Special stones
Leather shoes
Metals
Amber
Cowrie shell
Silk

Question 11

Kings 866-927 Jorvik

Answer 11

11 Viking kings that had close links with Dublin

Question 12

Kings 927-939 Jorvik

Answer 12

The town was brought back under anglo-saxon control
Expelled most Vikings from England

Question 13

Kings 939 Jorvik

Answer 13

Olaf (king of Dublin) regained Jorvik

Question 14

Kings 954 Jorvik

Answer 14

Eric Bloodaxe (ruled Norway for a short time) was driven out Jorvik
Town and Vikings became a part of England

Question 15

Kings post 954 Jorvik

Answer 15

Jorvik became York
Ruled by an earl appointed by an English king

Question 16

Iceland Discovery

Answer 16

Original voyage from Garder the Swede that was blown off course to the faroes in 860
Floki discovered it and felt the walrus ivory was promising

Question 17

Iceland Settlement

Answer 17

Discouragingly named Iceland
First settlers arrived in 870
First permanent settlement in 874
Animals survived the winter (brought from Norway)
930 - All useful land used up

Question 18

Icelandic Houses

Answer 18

Timber too precious precious to use as frames - needed to be imported
Migration led by Jarls
Most settlements by the coast
1095- Population of 50,000

Question 19

The Althing

Answer 19

Held local assemblies called ‘things’
All free men could attend
Where land disputes were settled
Where Iceland was turned Christian

Question 20

Greenland

Answer 20

Mainly covered in ice with some warmth
983 - Erik the red discovered after being banished from Iceland for 3 years
986 - Started settling but only 14/25 ships made it

Question 21

Greenland Food

Answer 21

More fertile land than Iceland
Able to grow crops and keep cattle
Could fish and hunt
Relied on trade for everything else

Question 22

Greenland Decline

Answer 22

1050 - Eastern settlement had 190 farms and 4,000 people
Left sometime in the 1400s

Question 23

North America Discovery

Answer 23

1000 - A ship was blown off course and saw land further than Greenland
The son of Erik the Red set sail to find it (Leif)

Question 24

Vinland

Answer 24

Leif first found bare rock then a low forest
He sailed further south and overwintered
Found grapes growing in a region named Vinland