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History Senior Year > Vietnam > Flashcards

Vietnam Flashcards

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1
Q

who was ho chi minh

A

one of the leaders of the nationalist movement; supported communism

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2
Q

what was ho chi minh trying to do

A

overthrow the french rule and become an advocated of communism

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3
Q

how did others view ho chi minh

A

they did not really like him; he was a wanted man

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4
Q

how did ho chi minh escape the people

A

fled indochina and spent several years in exile in the Soviet union and china

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5
Q

when did ho chi minh return to Vietnam

A

1941

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6
Q

what group did Ho chi minh organize

A

Vietminh

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7
Q

what did the group unite and what was its purpose

A

communist and non communists to expel the Japanese forces that had taken over the country

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8
Q

what did the US do in response to the formation of the Vietminh

A

they began sending aid to them

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9
Q

what happened to japan in 1945

A

surrendered to the allies; which gave up control of Indochina

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10
Q

what did ho chi minh do in response to japans surrendering

A

declared Vietnman to be an indpendent nation

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11
Q

how did the french feel about letting vietnman being independent

A

they had no intention of that; they then sent troops to Vietnam to drive out the Vietminh forces back into hiding in the countryside

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12
Q

as the Vietminh started to gain more land against the French, what did the french do

A

reached out to the US for help

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13
Q

what did the US do in regards to frances request

A

they ended up helping France because although they did not France to control Vietnam, they especially didn’t want Vietnam to be communist

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14
Q

domino theory

A

the idea that if Vietnam fell to communism, the rest of southeast asia would follow; put forth by Eisenhower

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15
Q

guerrillas

A

irregular troops who blend into the civilian population and are difficult for regular armies to fight; what the Vietminh used against france

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16
Q

how was the french doing against the Vietminh

A

awful; they were losing a lot of men and battles

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17
Q

what did the french try to do to take control of Vietminh and how did it go

A

tried to occupy the mountain town of Dien Bien Phu (it would interfere with everything); but they lost and eventually made peace and withdrew from indochina

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18
Q

geneva records

A

divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel, with Ho chi minh and the Vietminh in control of North Vietnam

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19
Q

who was in control of the south

A

pro western regime

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20
Q

whose independence did the Geneva records recognize

A

cambodia and laos (gained the previous year)

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21
Q

what happened shortly after the geneva records portend Vietnam

A

french troops left; leaving the US the principal protector of the new government

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22
Q

who was the new nationalist leader

A

ngo dinh diem

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23
Q

what was diem all about

A

was pro western and anti-communist; was also catholic

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24
Q

what happened with the elections of 1956

A

Diem refused to permit them because he though that Minh would win (lolz that rhymes)

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25
Q

how did Eisenhower feel about Diem’s call with the election

A

approved it and sent over more aid

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26
Q

what did Minh do in response to the no election

A

organzied guerrilla army called Vietcong; US sent over troops to train them

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27
Q

when did Kennedy take office

A

1961

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28
Q

strategic hamlets

A

protected villages by machine guns, bunkers, trenches, and barbed wire

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29
Q

how did Diem make himself even more unpopular

A

discriminated against Buddhism

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30
Q

who was responsible for the execution of Diem

A

american ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge; launched military coup (this all only made matters worse)

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31
Q

Gulf of Tonkin

A

august 2, 1964; north V. torpedo boats had fired on two american destroyers in the gulf.. two days later a similar attack had taken place again

32
Q

what did johnson do in regards to the Gulf of Tonkin and how did it go

A

asled congress for the authority to defend the American forces and american allies in Southeast asia; was given full permission to do whatever he wanted

33
Q

gulf of tonkin resolution

A

gave the president the ability to whatever he wanted basically

34
Q

what did american troops do to counter the Vietcongs guerrilla tactics

A

went on search and destroy

35
Q

napalm

A

jellied gasoline that explods on contact

36
Q

agent orange

A

a chemical that strips leaves from tress and shrubs, turning everything into wasteland

37
Q

ho chi minh trail

A

network of jungle paths that wound through the countries of cambodia and laos

38
Q

william westmoreland

A

south vietnam general

39
Q

credibility gap

A

it was hard to believe what the Johnson administration had said about the war

40
Q

teach in

A

group of faculty members and students joined together to discuss the issues surrounding the war and reaffirmed their reasons for opposing it

41
Q

doves

A

wanted the us to withdraw from Vietnam

42
Q

hawks

A

those who wanted to stay

43
Q

why doves

A

peace

44
Q

why hawks

A

prey

45
Q

why did some people view the draft as unfair

A

because whose who were in college could defer their services until after, so those who could not afford college who had to stay home to work were more likely to be drafted

46
Q

significane of TET offensive

A

it was the Vietnamese new year

47
Q

what strategic targets the the Vietcong strike

A

most american airbases in S. Vietnam and most of the south’s major cities

48
Q

why was the TET offensive eventually a failure for the vietcong

A

because in the long run they ended up losing a lot of troops

49
Q

approximately how many troops were stationed in Vietnam in 1968

A

710,000 troops

50
Q

what happened in 1968

A

TET offensive/president johnson lost a lot of support; did not run agin/ martin luther king shot/ robert kennedy shot/police riots

51
Q

henry kissinger

A

secretary of state

52
Q

what was kissinger role

A

use diplomacy to end the conflic

53
Q

Richard nixons vietnamization

A

gradual withdraw of troops while the South Vietnamese assumed more of the fighting themselves

54
Q

my lai massacre

A

spring of 1968; hamlet of My lai

55
Q

who was involved in my lai

A

US platoon, William Calley, S. Vietnamese civilians

56
Q

linkage

A

improving relations with the Soviet union and China

57
Q

what happened at my lai

A

american platoon (under control of calley) had massacred unarmed S. Vietnamese civilians in the hamlet of my lai

58
Q

pentagon papers

A

documents that revealed many government officials privately questioned johnson administrations but publicly defended it

59
Q

kent state university

A

ohio national guard, armed with tear gas and rifles, fired upon demonstrators

60
Q

war powers act

A

required president to inform congress of any commitment to send troops abroad within 48 hours/ withdraw them within 90 days

61
Q

What is the SDS and what did they form

A

Students for a democratic society and formed the new left

62
Q

what was the new left

A

the “new” left differed from the “old” left of the 1930s

63
Q

what did the old left of the 1930s advocate

A

socialism and communism

64
Q

what did the new left advocate

A

stop big corporations and big government

65
Q

what did the SDS focus on

A

protesting the war, address issues like poverty, campus regulations, nuclear power, and racism

66
Q

what was an example of a protest on college campus

A

university of california berkley

67
Q

why was there a protest at cal berkley

A

didn’t like how they divided huge classes into sections taught by graduate students bc professors said they were busy doing research, many people were arrested and this started a chain reaction

68
Q

what was the selective service act, who was involved, and when did it started

A

the draft, men 18-25 (now), started in 1950, originally in 1917 men from

  • february 1917
  • at first men 21-30
  • August 1918, men 18-45
  • Terminated in July 1919
  • 1940 - FDR approved the act
  • men 26-35 during the 2nd world war
69
Q

who were conscientious objectors?

A

people who oppose fighting/killing on moral/religious grounds

70
Q

what were deferments?

A

postponement of military service, maybe after college or something, some people left the U.S. so they didn’t have to get drafted

71
Q

what are hippies

A

we talked about in class lots

72
Q

what is counterculture

A

what the hippies created by doing all the stuff and going against society norms

73
Q

what are communes?

A

group living arrangements in which members shared everything and worked together

74
Q

drugs

A

common during this time until people started overdosing and such, got big because people got addicted

75
Q

counterculture did what with music

A

use folk music nd rock n roll rhtyms to express fear of their generations

76
Q

What was woodstock?

A

festival in upstate new york, where people gathered to listen to new music, could use drugs, people like bob dylan and the who were there

77
Q

in jan 1973 what was the agreement

A

U.S. withdraw troops within 60 days, all POW (prisoners of war to be released), end military actions in laos and cambodia,, the 7th parallel to continue to divide north and south vietnam

History Senior Year (7 decks)

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