VIDEOS (Mitosis & Meiosis)

Question 1

What type of cell do both mitosis and meiosis begin with?

Answer 1

A diploid (2n) cell containing two sets of chromosomes—46 in humans (23 from each parent).

Question 2

What happens during interphase before cell division?

Answer 2

Chromosomes duplicate, resulting in 46 chromosomes and 92 chromatids.

Question 3

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Answer 3

Produces body cells for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.

Question 4

What happens during prophase in mitosis?

Answer 4

Chromosomes condense and become visible.

Question 5

What happens during metaphase in mitosis?

Answer 5

Chromosomes align single-file at the cell’s equator.

Question 6

What happens during anaphase in mitosis?

Answer 6

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles.

Question 7

What happens during telophase in mitosis?

Answer 7

New nuclei form around each set of chromosomes.

Question 8

What is the outcome of mitosis?

Answer 8

Two genetically identical diploid cells.

Question 9

What is the purpose of meiosis?

Answer 9

Produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction, introducing genetic diversity.

Question 10

What happens during prophase I of meiosis?

Answer 10

Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material (crossing over).

Question 11

What happens during metaphase I of meiosis?

Answer 11

Paired homologous chromosomes align at the cell’s equator.

Question 12

What happens during anaphase I of meiosis?

Answer 12

Homologous chromosomes (not chromatids) are pulled to opposite poles.

Question 13

What happens during telophase I of meiosis?

Answer 13

Two new nuclei form, each containing half the original chromosome number.

Question 14

What happens during prophase II of meiosis?

Answer 14

Chromosomes condense in each of the two new cells.

Question 15

What happens during metaphase II of meiosis?

Answer 15

Chromosomes align single-file at the equator.

Question 16

What happens during anaphase II of meiosis?

Answer 16

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles.

Question 17

What happens during telophase II of meiosis?

Answer 17

New nuclei form around each set of chromatids.

Question 18

What is the outcome of meiosis?

Answer 18

Four genetically unique haploid cells, each with half the original chromosome number.

Question 19

How does mitosis differ from meiosis in terms of genetic variation?

Answer 19

Mitosis produces identical cells, while meiosis introduces genetic diversity through crossing over and independent assortment.

Question 20

How does mitosis differ from meiosis in the number of cell divisions?

Answer 20

Mitosis involves one division, while meiosis involves two.

Question 21

How does mitosis differ from meiosis in the number of daughter cells produced?

Answer 21

Mitosis results in two cells, while meiosis results in four.

Question 22

What are the tiny building blocks of the human body?

Answer 22

Cells

Question 23

What do all multicellular organisms, including humans, animals, and plants, have in common?

Answer 23

They are composed of numerous cells working together.

Question 24

Why is cell replacement important?

Answer 24

Millions of cells die daily, and they are continually replaced for growth, healing, and survival.

Question 25

What does mitosis ensure?

Answer 25

Each new cell receives an exact copy of the original cell’s DNA.

Question 26

Why is mitosis essential?

Answer 26

It is crucial for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction.

Question 27

What happens during prophase in mitosis?

Answer 27

Chromosomes condense and become visible; the nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate.

Question 28

What happens during metaphase in mitosis?

Answer 28

Chromosomes align at the cell’s equatorial plane, known as the metaphase plate.

Question 29

What happens during anaphase in mitosis?

Answer 29

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 30

What happens during telophase in mitosis?

Answer 30

Nuclear membranes reform around each set of chromosomes, which begin to uncoil.

Question 31

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 31

The cell’s cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate, identical cells.

Question 32

Why is mitosis important for genetic continuity?

Answer 32

It ensures that each new cell maintains the correct number of chromosomes.

Question 33

How does mitosis contribute to the maintenance of an organism’s health?

Answer 33

It replaces old or damaged cells.

Question 34

What phase do cells spend most of their life in?

Answer 34

Interphase

Question 35

What happens during interphase?

Answer 35

Cells grow, replicate DNA, and perform daily functions.

Question 36

Why is DNA replication important before mitosis?

Answer 36

It ensures that each new cell receives an exact copy of genetic information.

Question 37

How is DNA organized inside a cell?

Answer 37

DNA is organized into condensed units called chromosomes, made of DNA and protein.

Question 38

How many chromosomes do humans typically have in each body cell nucleus?

Answer 38

46 chromosomes

Question 39

Why do chromosomes duplicate before mitosis?

Answer 39

To ensure each new cell receives the correct genetic information.

Question 40

What happens immediately after mitosis?

Answer 40

Cytokinesis occurs, dividing the cytoplasm and cell membrane.

Question 41

What does cytokinesis result in?

Answer 41

Two separate, identical cells.

Question 42

Why is understanding mitosis important?

Answer 42

It helps explain growth, tissue repair, and the development of cancer.

Question 43

How is cancer related to mitosis?

Answer 43

Cancer involves uncontrolled cell division due to errors in the mitotic process.