video Flashcards

1
Q

for G = -vFE,, what are the units for G

A

J/mol

also,, standard E gives u standard G

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2
Q

when E is positive,, what is favoured

A

product formation

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3
Q

when G is negative,, what is favoured

A

product formation

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4
Q

what K value is needed for products to be favoured

A

a large positive number

much greater than 1

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5
Q

negative E means

A

non spontaneous in forward direction
reactants are favoured

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6
Q

positive G means

A

not spontaneous forward reaction
reactants are favoured

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7
Q

what k value is needed for reactants to be favoured

A

K needs to be very very small
not negative tho!!

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8
Q

gibbs and rate constant

A

G = -RTln(k)

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9
Q

cell diagram,, what goes on the LHS of the salt bridge

A

the โ€˜anodeโ€™
the thing that is oxidised

start with solid, then aq

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10
Q

large Q number

A

lots of products

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11
Q

pro/rea to rea/pro

A

1/Q answer

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12
Q

how do we find ratio of pro and rea

A

use nernst equation but find Q

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13
Q

when balancing 2 equations do u multiply voltage

A

nope
u multiply everything esle so

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14
Q

when theres no solid,, only ions,, how do u write the cell notation

A

highest oxidation state, lower oxidation state | Pt(s)

we can use Pt bc its inert!!

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15
Q

in cell notations,, do we add the big numbers from balancing equations

A

nope!! dont add the big numbers girl ๐Ÿ’—

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16
Q

how to balance

A

balance core element
then oxygens
then hydrogens
then charges

then to combine make sure e- cancel out <3

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17
Q

how to balance under basic conditions

A

do it in acidic ones,, then add X OH to match XH+ to both sides

which turns it into H2O
which u then cancel from both sides

then make sure the charges are equal!!

make sure u add OH- to both sides tho <3

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18
Q

what happens when u increase conc of a reactant

A

more products form

reaction becomes more spontaneous in the forward reaction

more positive Ecell,, CELL POTENTIAL GOES UP!!! more positive = larger number

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19
Q

what happens if u decrease the concentration of the reactants

A

backward reaction occurs to oppose the lower concentration.

backward reaction becomes spontaneous

Ecell gets more negative
forward reaction is less spontaneous

CELL POTENTIAL GOES DOWN,, less positive
smaller Ecell

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20
Q

increase product concentration

A

backward reaction is favoured

forward reaction is less spontaneous. backward reaction is spontaneous. reactants are favoured

Ecell gets smaller!!!

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21
Q

decrease product concentration

A

forward reaction is favoured as le chatliers principle explains how more products will be formed to oppose the lower conc. this means the forward reaction is favoured and more spontaneous

this makes Ecell larger!! due to larger Q, making E larger

22
Q

how do u increase the cell potential

A

products need to be larger : nominator for Q.

aka formward dreaction must be favoured

aka decrease products
aka increase reactants

23
Q

how do u decrease cell potential

A

reactants need to be larger (denominator)
aka increase product conc
aka lower reactant conc

24
Q

when is Ecell greater than E*cell

A

low product conc
high rea conc

25
when is Ecell smaller than E*cell
increase pro conc decrease rea conc
26
what is Q girl
reaction quotient basically K ,, but not during equilibrium conc of pro / conc of rea POWER OF STOICHIOMETRY!! only aq allowed ,, no solids
27
E cell =
cathode - (-anode) cathode + correct anode
28
anode and its mass
loses it X(s) -> 2e- + X(aq)
29
cathode and its mass
gains it X(aq) + 2e- -> X(s)
30
in salt bridge,, anions flow towards the
anode
31
in salt bridge cations flow towards the
cathode
32
what does the salt bridge do
prevents the build up of charge keeps the solutions equal Zn2+ goes to cathode (cation) bc that side is gaining e- and getting more negative SO4 2- goes to anode (anion) bc that side is losing e- and getting more positive
33
no salt bridge
equilibrium will occur e- would start going back to anode
34
what is voltage
the potential difference between 2 points
35
current equation
current = charge / seconds amp = 1c / second c = coloumb of charge
36
C is
coloumb charge
37
J is
energy work
38
1 volt =
1J / 1C
39
i = Q / t
current (amps) = charge (coloumb) / second
40
when a battery has a positive cell potential,, Ecell,, what can occur
spontaneous reaction meaning charge is created work can be done to power things aka light a light bulb etc when Ecell = 0.00V,, the cell is dead,, u need a new bettery
41
what do we need to add to a cell notation
states and concentration and pressure!! pressure in atm
42
cell notation conc and pressure when not given
conc = 1M pressure = 1atm
43
rate constant,, K,, at equilibrium
1
44
why do cations travel towards the cathode
attracted to the e- flowing to the cathode
45
Zn and Cu in
ZnSO4 CuSO4
46
Al and Co in
AlCl3 CoCl3 // CoCl2 depending on the ions (both 1M)
47
maximum amount of work that can be done =
DELTA G
48
can u multiply gibbs to get diff answers
yes
49
can u multiply Ecell to get diff answers
nope
50