lecture 1

Question 1

what is the study of electrochemistry

Answer 1

study of ions in solution + their application

Question 2

how can we see if smt can function as a battery

Answer 2

if the elements can accept / release electrons

Question 3

how can we check a chemical reaction is occuring

Answer 3

look at the chemical potential at both sides of the equation

Question 4

what is G

Answer 4

gibbs free energy
needs to be - to be spontaneous

Question 5

what is G at equilibrium

Answer 5

0

Question 6

what is Ecell

Answer 6

it means the electrochemical potential ofa cell

Question 7

what is a cell

Answer 7

a cell is the system
both solutions
in separate beakers
with salt bridge and metals connecting them

Question 8

when an ion is put into a solution what changes??

Answer 8

the chemical potential of the solution

Question 9

what does henrys law do

Answer 9

judges the chem potential against a reference chemical potential

based on amount of solvent

Question 10

what is the chem potential of an ion symbol

Answer 10

long u B

Question 11

what is the chem potential of an ion in solution

Answer 11

long u B*

Question 12

what is B in henrys law

Answer 12

the ion u are putting into a solution

Question 13

what is RT ln() in henrys law

Answer 13

the correction

aka the difference between the chem potential of the ion and the chem potential of the ion in solutions

Question 14

in henrys law what is rthe correction

Answer 14

RTln(PB/PB*)

Question 15

what does PB/PB* mean in the henrys law correction

Answer 15

partial pressure in respect to partial pressure of smt else

Question 16

how can we get PB

Answer 16

we need to KB (empirical constant - given)

and XB = mole fraction

Question 17

what is long u B *-

Answer 17

chemical potential of reference state

its a circle with a line in the middle

aka state.

Question 18

in thermo dynamics,, whats the most conventient way to work in

Answer 18

working in ideal conditions

Question 19

when is ideal behaviour difficult to maintain

Answer 19

when an ion has a strong charge

Question 20

the chem potential of an ion, B, can be given by whatg

Answer 20

the chem potential of reference state

+ RTln(XB)

Question 21

what is aB

Answer 21

activity

an ion with a strong charge may have some activity on the solution or its environment

Question 22

what does aB equal

Answer 22

YB XB

aka activity coefficient x mole fraction

Question 23

chem potential when given activity coefficient and mole fraction

Answer 23

uB = uB *- + RTln(aB)

Question 24

what is uB *- again

Answer 24

the chem potential of a reference state

Question 25

what is molality

Answer 25

bB

number of moles / mass of solvent

in kg

nA/ mA (kg)

units cancel out!! we can take the ln of smt unitless which is good

Question 26

replacing henry law with molality instead of mole fraction

Answer 26

uB = uB- + RTln(bB/b-)

Question 27

the smaller the molality, bB

Answer 27

the more stable the solution?? bc ur taking ln(0) which gives a (-) meaning rhe rea is spontaneous and gives the more stable product.

Question 28

aB equation when replacing xB with molality

Answer 28

aB = YB (bB/b*-)

Question 29

what are deviations from ideality usually captured by

Answer 29

the activity coefficient Y