victimization at k-12 schools

Question 1

Defining location and nature

Answer 1

school buildings, buses, functions
—OTW TO/FROM School
—–PROPERTY TO CRIME

Question 2

who is victimized

Answer 2

STUDENTS
-MALES majority victims, except sexual
-higher among YOUNGER
-higher in URBAN schools
TEACHERS
-more at RISK: special ed, elementary, Public schools

Question 3

Risk Factors: Structural

Answer 3

schools in areas with HIGHER CRIME RATES

Question 4

Risk factors: Individual

Answer 4

-low self control, lacking capable guardianship, deviant peers, physical and emotional changes, stress

Question 5

Risk factors: School Related consequences

Answer 5

-fear of being attacked
-SKIPPING or AVOIDING school
-avoid CERTAIN PLACES inside school buildings

Question 6

Bullying: definition

Answer 6

def: intentional infliction of injury or discomfort
-REPETITIVE OVER TIME
-POWER IMBALANCE: perpetrator and victim

Question 7

Bullying: 3 aspects

Answer 7

1.DIRECT: physical, verbal actions with victim present
2.INDIRECT: isolating individuals, excluding them, manipulation
3. CYBERBULLYING: threats or harassment over phone, posts, social media, texts

Question 8

Bullying: Extent+ Characteristics

Answer 8

-MOST COMMON that other types of school victimization
-FEMALES most likely; VERBAL + INDIRECT
-MALES: physically bullied more
**youth that STAND OUT —[learning + physical disabilities, ADHD, stutter, ETC
-SOME DO BOTH {victim+bully}

Question 9

Bullying: Psychosocial Effects

Answer 9

-unhappy, low self worth
-anxiety, depression short+ long term
-healthy symptoms: sleep issues, wetting bed, stomach pains
-Hard to adjust to school: DISKLIKE it, ABSENT, AVOID it
-

Question 10

Responses: School victimization

Answer 10

1. Security measures: officers, security guards, metal detectors
   **CONTROVERSIAL over EFFECTIVENESS of officers, concern for treatment of youth of COLOR
2. Gun free schools: suspend youth for a year if they bring firearm
3. PROGRAMS to REDUCE school violence and bullying
   —*Peer mediation programs : WORKS
   ***Olwens program WORKS