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Biology > Vesicular Transport > Flashcards

Vesicular Transport Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The release of soluble proteins

A

secretion

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2
Q

adding materials to the cell surface and extracellular space

A

exocytosis

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3
Q

subtracted materials to the cell surface and extracellular space

A

endocytosis

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4
Q

Explain Cargo selection

A

coat proteins (COPI, COPII) bind to the signal sequences on the tails of cystolic proteins and they group into donor compartments

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5
Q

Explain budding

A

Adaptor proteins make a mesh-like lining around the group, the bundled proteins change shape and bulge in

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6
Q

Explain scission and uncoating

A

Scission proteins tighten the neck until the vesicle buds off. Uncoating unbundles the donor compartment.

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7
Q

Explain Transport and Tethering

A

Vesicles are transported via microtubule or actin filaments. Then Rab proteins on the vesicles bind to tether proteins on the acceptor membrane and “search” for the correct acceptor compartment.

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8
Q

Explain Docking, Fusion, and Disassembly

A

v-SNAREs bind to t-SNARES, fusion to the acceptor compartment occurs. NSF and SNAP disassemble the SNARES

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9
Q

Traffic cop for the Cell

A

Golgi

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10
Q

cis/trans face

A

cis faces nucleus/trans away from

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11
Q

CGN

A

cis-Golgi network, the largest cisternae

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12
Q

Explain bulk transport

A

Carrying non specific cargo, happens frequently in ER to Golgi transport

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13
Q

ER retention signal

A

marker for ER proteins that need to be returned from the golgi

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14
Q

Golgis coat proteins?

A

COPII from ER, COPI within the Golgi

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15
Q

Explain the bilayer thickness model

A

proteins with short transmembrane domains go to the Cis, medium length domains to middle cisternae, and longer domains to the trans-cisternae

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16
Q

How does the Golgi select cargo? (4 ways)

A

post-translational modifications, protein kin recognition, signal-receptor method, lipid raft

17
Q

How does the Golgi bud? (3 ways)

A

binding of phospholipids makes a curve, modification of the phospholipids, phospholipid asymmetry

18
Q

Dynamin

A

forms a loop and cinches off vesicles in golgi

19
Q

What is constitutive secretion?

A

the (uncontrolled) foundation for all secretion

20
Q

What are zymogen granules?

A

where concentrated forms of secreted materials are stored.

21
Q

What is clathrins role?

A

Condenses around cargo receptors, makes a coated pit, makes a vesicle that is released by hsp70 after meeting auxillin.

22
Q

What do endosomes do?

A

They are a collection of sorting compartments that separate receptors from cargo and send the receptors back out

23
Q

vesicle specificity in early endosome?

A

EEA-1, t-SNARE, Rab5, PIP3 complex

24
Q

What happens after the vesicle fuses with the endosome?

A

lower pH dissolves it and unbinds molecules

25
Q

Describe a late endosome

A

pH below 6.0, eventually becomes a lysosome

26
Q

A pathway that can be utilized for either endocytosis or exocytosis

A

ER-CGN-GOLGI-TGN

27
Q

What sorting signal does the TGN use?

A

M6P

28
Q

Why is N-glycosilation necessary?

A

Without N-glycosilation in the ER, the Golgi can’t create MP6, and there would be no cellular contribution to the endosomes and lysosomes.

29
Q

At what pH does an endosome become a lysosome?

A

5.0

30
Q

glycosidases nucleases phosphatases, phospholipases?

A

digestion of complex oligosaccharides on glycoprotiens ; nuclease-DNAse II digest nucleic acids
phosphatases- digest phosphates from nucleic acids
Phospholipases- digest membranes

31
Q

Why don’t phospholipases digest the membranes of lysosomes?

A

lysosomal integral membrane proteins (LIMPs) and

lysosomal associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) are Heavily glycosilated by a sugar coat called a glycocalyx

32
Q

MVB

A

A vesicle inside a vesicle, ubiquitination has occurred, going to be digested.

33
Q

What organelle is at the heart of the EM system?

A

Golgi

34
Q

What is RAB?

A

GTPase

35
Q

How are proteins retained in the Golgi?

A

kin groups aggregate, bilayer thickness

36
Q

How can the bilayer be at different thicknesses?

A

variations in cholesterol

Biology (17 decks)

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