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BMS 2 > Vesicle Trafficking > Flashcards

Vesicle Trafficking Flashcards

1
Q

Protein transfer to nucleus, peroxicsome, ER, or mitochrondria targeting?

A

All post translationally modified except ER

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2
Q

Transport to nucleous

A

Nuclear pores for large particles-both directions

mRNA goes through here

Small can diffuse

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3
Q

Nuclear pore structure

A

Lamin scaffolding and intermediate filaments on inside

Proteins on outside attached to fibril grab proteins and bring in

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4
Q

Nuclear signal sequence+pathway into cell

A

Binds to importin (a/b complex) in cytoplasm

  • transported through pore
  • RanGTP binds to importin b-release of protein
  • Ran GTP and importin b transported back to cyto where changes to Ran GDP by Ran GTPase+importin B release
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5
Q

Nuclear export

A

Exportin binds to R

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6
Q

Monomeric GTP
+
3 uses

A

Guanine nucleotide exchapge protein-GDP to GTP

GDP bound-inactive

GTP-conformatiational change-active state

GAP-hydrolyzes GTP

Ran, Arf/Sar-1, Rab

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7
Q

Transport to peroxisomes

A

Start by synthesis by free cytosolic ribosomes

Phospholipids and membrane proteis are also imported to peroxisomes forom ER

Targeted by amino acid signal-never cleaved

Catalase-major peroxisome protein-degrades H2O2 into H2O

Add heme to each monoer-provent from going tback to cytosol

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8
Q

Zellweger syndrome

A

No transport of enzymes into peroxisomes (empty peroxisomes)

-no signal in all peroxisomal proteins to send to peroxisome

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9
Q

SRP

A

N terminus of sec pathway proteins bind to SRP while being synthesized on site ribosomes

  1. SRP binding causes pause in translation
  2. SRP bound ribosome attached to SRP receptor in ER membrane-GTP hydrolysis and conformational change-create protein directly into the ER-
  3. SRP and SRP receptor dispalced and recycled
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10
Q

SRP from inside ER

A
  1. signal petide is remoed
  2. Hydroyxlaton of lys, pro
  3. disulfide bonds form
  4. Chaperones fold
  5. glycosylation and initial step of oligosaccharide processing
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11
Q

Glycosylation

A

Oligosacchirde with 9 manses added co-translationally from membrane lipid donor to specific residues
-modifed by compartment-specific enzymes-deduce how far protein has proressed by event of mods

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12
Q

Vesicuar Transport

Benefit+steps

A

Transport of cargo without crossing a membrane

Form vesicle, select cargo (look at glycosylation pattern), have address (SNARES)

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13
Q

Where do coat proteins come from

A 
from cytosol (not on PM)
-recruited by binding to specific receptors that recognize specific signals on cargo proteins
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14
Q

How assemble COP-1/2

A

Guanine nucleotide exchange protein-make GTP from GDP
ARF-COP1
SAR-1=COP2

GAP-GTPase that hydroyzes GTP to inactive state

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15
Q

Coatmaer coated vesicele formation

A

Bind to donar membrane of one submit that is GTP binding protein (after activated)

  • lipid tail of Sar1 is exposed when GTP is bound, inserts into membrane and then other COP2 subunits bind
  • other cargo/cargo receptors bind to these additional subunits-load cargo
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16
Q

Where use a particular transport protein

A

COP2-ER to cis golgi
Cop1-Retrograde-from trans to cis golgi or golgi to ER

Clahtrin-cell surface to early endosome, trans golgi to late endosome, late endosome to trans golgi

17
Q

v/t SNARES

A

Mediate vesicle targeting and fusion

v is snares on vesicle, t is snares on target

Lock and key

Rabs (GTP binding protein) inolved in vesicle tageting by binding effectors when GTP bound

Different snares are use in different transport steps

18
Q

Botulinum and tetanus effect on cell

A

Cleave snares

19
Q

Summary of formation and fusion of vesicles

(7 steps) DRAW

A

GTP binding protein, inner coat, SNARE, and cargo recruitment

COat completed with outer layer coat proteins that deform membrane

Scission from surface and uncaring to expose SNAREs

Tether may mediate initial attachment, likely recognized in part by Rab

Docking-vSNARE interacts with tsnare and then fusion

20
Q

KDEL

A

Sequence for misrouted proteins

COP1

Brings things from late endosome back to trans golgi, to cis golgi, to ER

21
Q

Transport to lysosome

A

Mannose 6 phosphate

Packaged into clathrin vesicles-sent to late endosome

Ligand-receptor dissociates at acidic pH when inside lysosome (merged PM’s)-removes phosphate

Receptor recycls

There is also an ATP dependent H+ pump on lysosome

22
Q

I-cel disease

A

No M6P modification of mannose on lysosomal protein b/c no phoshotransferase that is needed
-empty lysosomes

all would-be lysosomal contents are excreted

23
Q

Constitutive vs regulated secretory

A

Constituative
-unregulated membrane fusion-no sorting information

Regulated-Hormone or NT comes in from ECM and causes intracellular pathway that results in secretion of secretory vesicle

  • greatly concentrated
  • prohormones are processed
  • Ca2+????
24
Q

Legionairre’s disease

A

Phagosome hijcaks host vessicles-becomes like RER
-block delivery to lysosome and can replicate
????

25
Q

Where does intracellular receptor go after disassocation

A

Lysosome, recycle, or transcytosis

in clathrin pit

26
Q

Early endosome

A

Where surface receptors and cargo go after internalization to get sorted out

Acidic pH

  • cargo dissocaites
  • some receptors return to PM
  • Transport some stuff to lysosome
27
Q

Late endosome

A

With M6P lysosomal enzymes from TGN

Eventually can become lysosome

28
Q

Adaptins

A

Bind both chalthrin and receptors for vesicle cargo

Mutation in receptor tail can interfere with receptor binding to adoption
-cargo can be bound to receptor but will not be incorporated into vesicles

29
Q

Structure of transport vesicle

A

Cargomolecules attache dto cargo recepttors

  • attached to adoptions
  • attached to clathrin
  • then dynamic cuts off the last bit of cytoplasm to make free vesicle
30
Q

Virsuses

A

Envoloped and brough to endosome

  • capsid disassembles and results in RNA that can replicate itself or result in proteins/capsid proteins
  • which allow for more viruses to be made
  • also RNA can result in viral proteins being expressed on PM
31
Q

Which proteins bind to SRP

A

lysoomal, resident golgi, PM, regulated sec proteins

NOT NUCLEAR

32
Q

Lysomal protein facts

A

Transported from ER to Golgi in COP2 vesicles

Sorted from secretory proteins in TGN

Get mannose 6 P marker

BUT DO NOT BIND TO M6P receptor in cis golgi

33
Q

Endocytosis facts

A

Mutationsin LDL repceptors tail can prvent LDL internalization

pH changes reg dissociation of internalized ligands from receptors

Early endosome is major sorting station after endocytosis

But NOT ALL INTERNALIEED RECEPTORS ARE RECYCLED TO PM

BMS 2 (41 decks)

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