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BMS 2 > Hematopoesis > Flashcards

Hematopoesis Flashcards

1
Q

aplastic anemia

A

difflymphocytes attack bone marrow stem cells

only fat and storm left

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2
Q

blood/components

A

bottom to top

  • rbc
  • buffycoat-wbc/platelets
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3
Q

difference between appearance of myeoblast cells

A

bsopihl-all dark

neutrophil-several uncle

esoinopihl-darker but not as dark as basophil

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4
Q

neutrophil function

A

phago cytose invading bacteria

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5
Q

eosinophil

A

destroy large parasite

-allergic respinse

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6
Q

basohpil

A

release histamine

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7
Q

monocyte

A

become macropages-digets micros and foregone bodies and old cells

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8
Q

which cells are continuously made

A

bone marrow-as long as have stem cells will be good-can even inject if don’t have (as long as no immune incompatibility)
-get around by using synergistic litter mate

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9
Q

syngenic

A

genetially indetical

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10
Q

blood production

A

bony trabecular-large red material-glowing blood precursor

multinucleate cells-megakaryocte-platelet producing cells

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11
Q

CD34

A

on surface of blood stem cells

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12
Q

neoplasia

A

failure to differentiate or undergo pop

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13
Q

senescne

A

deterioration with age

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14
Q

progeinitor

A

committed stem cells can only differentiate into this

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15
Q

what kind of stem cells are bone marrow

A

polurpotent or committed progenitor-takes more time to become pluripotent?

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16
Q

Stochastic vs hierarchicial

A

sot-cells are same and each division yields either 2 fully differentiated cells, 2 progenitorsrs, or one of each

heriarchical-stem makes progenitors which then become differentiated
-with each step in maturation-less ability to replicate until nucleus becomes incapable

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17
Q

blood stem cell surface characteristics

A

cd34

  • got by flow cyto/immunocyto
  • ckit positve and lin negative (lineage)
  • lin has to do wit maturity
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18
Q

flow cyto

A

measures na danlyzes multiple charactersitcs of particles

-add floruest dyte to antibody-identify patroller cell (that has that antibody)

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19
Q

diseases of hemopoietic progenitor cell

A

either granulates or rbis not maturing

-show stem cells ar real

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20
Q

hemapoesis throughout life

A

early occur in gold sac, then move to liver, then to bone marrow

occurs in niche

Long bones make slightly les than flat
-less made in adult then young-but not alot

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21
Q

medularry areas of bones

A

nurturing environemnt to support growth and proliferation-this is niche

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22
Q

bone niche

A

maintenance of long term quiescence of hemopoietic stem cells in appropriate numbers for blood cell homeostasis

-site for receptor ligand combos between stem and supporting stream cells to support bone niche

23
Q

vascular niche

A

proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells-their differ nation into mature blood cells and delivery to circulation

24
Q

cxcl4

A

when inhibited by antibody-litertes stem cell into general circulation

chimokine-substance elaborated by local cells attracting specific other cells

25
Q

bone structure

A

near endostium and around sinusoids-swhere stem cells formed

inner bone-osteobalsts, macrophages

26
Q

stem cell state

A

quiescent-divdies enough to maintain population but not mature

-the more claim the more stem cell maintenence

27
Q

why does hemopoiesis only occur in niche

A

cell cell signals

factors secreted here help-chemical interactions

cells here promote HSC maintencen by regulating function of third party cells-other proteins

really just bone marrow micro environment

28
Q

runx gene + what would mutant be lie

A

allows for osteobast formation

-mutant-no hemopoesis inbone marrow-only in yolk sac

29
Q

CBF bta

A

allows hemopoiesis in fetal liver

30
Q

Runx and CBF complexes

A

activates and repspresses trx of key regulatory of growth, survival, differentiation pathways

absence in these genes cause blood production failure or leukemia

31
Q

Formed elements in blood production

A

formed elects-rbc/wbc/platelets

constant turnover-must react to rapid changes in environment

32
Q

Kit interaction (3 things it does) and mechanism

A

ligand for kit is on stromal cell

involved with hemopoietic stem cell maintenance

allows for stem cells to go to correct place

allows for mature stem cells to be i nporper number

ensure that cd34 positive stem cels are
insufficient to restore bone marrow (need kit in addition to cd34 stem cells)

33
Q

sl locus

w losuc

A

where ckit ligand is encoded

where ckit is encoded

34
Q

what does homeless require reading cell and stormal cells

A

need direct cell contact

-need both or else will not have hemopoiesis

35
Q

stratgetic reserve

A

strategic reserve of stem cell in niche-make sure don’t rn out because when begin maturation they will lose ability to proliferate

36
Q

maturation of progenitors (not stem cells)

A

do not require tight niche contact like stem cells do

37
Q

growth of cells in suspensin

  • what is required
  • what determines what grows
A

require presence of growth promoting factors-need cytokines and interleukins

factors introduced-appropoirate cytokines or interleukins

38
Q

interleukin 3 creates

A

eryhtocytes, mono, mega, granulo

39
Q

CSF creates

A

colonies of macro and granulocytes

colony stimulating factor

40
Q

eryhthropoietin

A

produced by vascular endothelium in kineys

-example of cytosine

41
Q

how does each colony arise

A

from a single progenitor cell

42
Q

how do blood cells exist in tissue

semisolid agar

A

remain in suspension

slow down movement-but still in suspension
-allows to see CFUs/progenitors

43
Q

Hematopoietic growth factors 3

defineition

A

bind to hemoatopoeitin recepotrs
-cytokines-substances that induce growth

bind to kinase receptors

  • c-kit
  • keep cells in niche
  • surface recognizeing receptors

interleukins-produced by leukocyytes- affect function of leukocytes

hematopoietns-hormone like substances which act in endocrine (one organ affecting other), paracrine (one cell affecting other), or autocrine manner

44
Q

cytokine binding

A

TF (usually for growth) binds to cell membrane recptor with low affinity, then becomes attracted and binds to high affinity receptor-gnerates growth signal

45
Q

4 erythropoiesis steps

and what stimulates this

A

cells get smaller

cyto changes

nucleous/cyto ratio falls

nucelus removed

eryothropoiten

46
Q

erythropoiten

A

incdueces JAK/STAT dimerization

  • epo is ligand
  • results in events that enhance growth/suppress apop
47
Q

monocytes

A

macrophages in tissue

phagocytose baceria, fungus, turmor etc.

  • release cytokines-mediators of inflammation, presents antigen to lymph
  • may become macrophage
48
Q

thrombopoeises

A

platelet fomration

megakaryocyte (large and 16 nuclei)

  • platelets form by budding
  • stimulated by prothrombin-stim production/activation of platelets
49
Q

granulopoiesis

A

each stage allows cell to become less able to proliferate-more capable of effector function
-precursors are able to be seen in biopsy/bone marrow

-CSFGM and CSF G-important growth factors

50
Q

cd34

A

context critical-on myelomonocyte progenitor

-can result in monocle or promyeloyte

51
Q

cd14

A

associated with monocytes

52
Q

pathway of hieracrcy

A

myelooid stem cell

  • myloblast>basophil, eosinophil, neutrophil
  • monocyte
  • megakaryocyte>platelets
  • pronomoblast-erythrocyte

lymphoid stem cell-lymphocyte

53
Q

colony forming unit

A

CSF and colonies produced are measured as BFU
-measured when progenitor cells are stimulated in system to produce colonies of granulocytes or macrophages

shows that progenitors can grow in vitro with specific factors instead of in niche

BMS 2 (41 decks)

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