Vertebral Column

Question 1

What is another word for the vertebral column?

Answer 1

spine

Question 2

What is the curvature of the vertebral column in newborn?

Answer 2

Kyposis/ kyphotic

Question 3

When do the characteristic curvatures of the adult vertebral column develop?

Answer 3

postnatal development

Question 4

What vertebrae exhibit lordosis?

Answer 4

cervical/ lumbar

Question 5

What vertebrae exhibit kyphosis?

Answer 5

thoracic/ sacral

Question 6

Why is the vertebral column important?

Answer 6

houses spinal cord/ nerves

Question 7

Where do spinal nerves exit the vertebral canal at each vertebral level?

Answer 7

Intervertebral foramina

Question 8

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 8

7 = C1-C7

Question 9

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 9

12 = T1-T12

Question 10

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 10

5 = L1-L5

Question 11

How many vertebrae are in sacrum?

Answer 11

5

Question 12

How many vertebrae are in coccyx?

Answer 12

4

Question 13

How many total vertebrae are there?

Answer 13

33

Question 14

Why are the inferior vertebrae larger?

Answer 14

carry more weight

Question 15

What are the 3 main parts of a typical vertebrae?

Answer 15

vertebral body/ vertebral arch/ processes

Question 16

Where are the vertebral body/ arch relatively?

Answer 16

arch = posterior / body = anterior

Question 17

Why are vertebral processes important?

Answer 17

allow for muscle attachment

Question 18

What is each vertebral arch composed of?

Answer 18

2 pedicles/ 2 laminae (lamina)

Question 19

What part of vertebrae houses spinal cord?

Answer 19

vertebral formen - foramina - canal

Question 20

How many processes arise from vertebral arch?

Answer 20

7

Question 21

What are the point where 2 laminae meet posteriorly called?

Answer 21

Spinous process (1x)

Question 22

What processes arise from where pedicles/ laminae meet?

Answer 22

6 total = 3x2
Transverse/ Articular processes (superior/ inferior)

Question 23

What procedure is done to reveal the spinal cord within the vertebral canal?

Answer 23

Laminectoomy - cutting the laminae

Question 24

What are the 7 processes that arise from vertebral arch?

Answer 24

1x- spinous
2x- superior articular
2x- inferior articular
2x- transverse

Question 25

What 3 structures are associated with each foramen/ the intervertebral foramina?

Answer 25

superior/ inferior vertebral notch intervertebral disc

Question 26

Where are the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 26

neck

Question 27

Where are the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 27

ribs

Question 28

Where are the lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 28

lower back

Question 29

What is C1 called?

Answer 29

Atlas

Question 30

What is C2 called?

Answer 30

Axis

Question 31

What is unique with atlas/ C1?

Answer 31

no body/ no spinous processes widest transverse processes

Question 32

What is unique with axis/ C2?

Answer 32

dens/ odontoid processes (so C1 rotates)

Question 33

What is a characteristic of typical cervical vertebrae?

Answer 33

split spinous processes/ foramen of transverse processes

Question 34

Why do cervical vertebrae have foramen in transverse processes?

Answer 34

artery travels through

Question 35

What do typical thoracic vertebrae look like?

Answer 35

giraffe

Question 36

What are facets?

Answer 36

little dents for attachments

Question 37

What are unique characteristics of thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 37

long spinous processes heart shaped bodies facets for ribs

Question 38

What vertebrae have heart shaped bodies?

Answer 38

thoracic

Question 39

How do you remember how thoracic vertebrae accommodate the ribs?

Answer 39

ribs- have toe= head/ heel = tubercle - toe articulates with vertebral body - heel articulates with transverse process

Question 40

What does the head of the rib articulate with?

Answer 40

facet on body of thoracic vertebrae

Question 41

What does the tubercle of the rib articulate with?

Answer 41

facet on transverse process of thoracic vertebrae

Question 42

What are characteristics of typical lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 42

large/ square spinous processes/ kidney shaped bodies

Question 43

What vertebrae have kidney shaped bodies?

Answer 43

lumbar

Question 44

What is the result of sacral vertebrae fused?

Answer 44

sacrum

Question 45

What runs down the sacrum?

Answer 45

sacral canal

Question 46

What is unique with S5?

Answer 46

lack spinous process/ laminae = opening

Question 47

What are the 3 sacral crests?

Answer 47

median/ lateral/ intermediate

Question 48

What is the medial fusion of the distal part of sacrum called?

Answer 48

sacral hiatus

Question 49

What are the lateral margins of the sacral hiatus? - 2 small processes that extend inferiorly down hiatus

Answer 49

sacral cornua

Question 50

What is the only ligament that limits extension of the vertebral column?

Answer 50

anterior longitudinal ligament

Question 51

What is the function of posterior longitudinal ligament?

Answer 51

prevents hyperflexion of vertebral column

Question 52

What is the function of anterior longitudinal ligament?

Answer 52

limits extension of vertebral column

Question 53

What is the function of the intervertebral discs?

Answer 53

permit movement between adjacent vertebral bodies

Question 54

Why are accessory ligaments important? = interspinous/ supraspinous/ intertransverse

Answer 54

unite laminae/ TP/ SP - stabilize joints/ maintain stability

Question 55

What joint is located between superior/ inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae?

Answer 55

zygapophysial joint

Question 56

What ligament joins the tips of spinous processes?

Answer 56

supraspinous ligament

Question 57

What ligament joins adjacent spinous processes?

Answer 57

interspinous ligament

Question 58

What ligament binds adjacent transverse processes together?

Answer 58

intertransverse ligament

Question 59

What ligament (neck) is the cervical extension of supraspinous ligament?

Answer 59

ligamentum nuchae

Question 60

What ligament joins laminae of adjacent vertebrae?

Answer 60

ligamentum flava

Question 61

What are the anterior/ posterior longitudinal ligaments connected to?

Answer 61

vertebral body