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Anatomy HK 3401 > Back and Shoulders > Flashcards

Back and Shoulders Flashcards

1
Q

Where do extrinsic back muscles originate from/ insert?

A

vertebral column/ upper limb land

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2
Q

What are the 2 bones in the pectoral girdle?

A

clavicle/ scapula

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3
Q

What is another word for scapula?

A

shoulder blade

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4
Q

What is another word for clavicle?

A

collarbone

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5
Q

What are the scapulo-humeral (intrinsic shoulder) muscles?

A

suprapsinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
deltoid
teres major

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6
Q

What are the posterior axio-appendicular muscles? (thoraco-appendicular)?

A

superficial- trapezius/ latissimus dorsi
deep- levator scapulae/ rhomboid minor + major

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7
Q

What are the 4 muscles in rotator cuff?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

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8
Q

What is an the incomplete bony ring that functions for attachment/ support of upper limb?

A

pectoral girdle

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9
Q

What is the T-shaped bone medial chest?

A

sternum

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10
Q

What is the top part of the sternum?

A

manubrium

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11
Q

What is the large bone in the arm?

A

humerus

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12
Q

What does pectoral girdle look like?

A

horseshoe

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13
Q

What is the top edge/ bony structure on scapula?

A

acromion

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14
Q

What is the prominent ridge of bone on the posterior surface of scapula?

A

spine of scapula

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15
Q

What muscle originates from horseshoe?

A

deltoid

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16
Q

What muscle inserts in horseshoe?

A

trapezius

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17
Q

What is the broad area on the anterior side of scapula?

A

subscapular fossa

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18
Q

What is situated on the lateral part of the superior border of the scapula? next to coracoid process of scapula

A

suprascapular notch

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19
Q

What is the small hook-like structure on lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula?

A

coracoid process of scapula

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20
Q

What does the spine of scapula flatten out laterally into?

A

acromion

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21
Q

What is the broad area on inferior posterior side of scapula?

A

infraspinous fossa

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22
Q

What is the broad area on superior posterior side of scapula?

A

supraspinous fossa

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23
Q

What part of the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus?

A

glenoid cavity

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24
Q

What passes through the suprascapular notch/ by the suprascapular ligament?

A

suprascapular nerve/ artery

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25
Q

What is located between the greater/ lesser tubercles of the proximal humerus?

A

intertubercular groove

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26
Q

What is the midway rounded prominent structure distally down humerus? (not elbow)

A

deltoid tubersosity

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27
Q

What are the bony projections of proximal humerus?

A

greater/ lesser tubercles (bigger/ smaller)

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28
Q

Where does the trapezius originate?

A

base of skull
nuchal ligament
spinous processes C7-T12

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29
Q

Where does trapezius insert?

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
spine of scapula

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30
Q

What muscle is responsible for elevation/ retraction/ depression of scapula?

A

trapezius

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31
Q

What happens to the glenoid cavity when trapezius rotates scapula?

A

goes up

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32
Q

What is the innervation of trapezius?

A

spinal accessory nerve

33
Q

Where is the origin of latissimus dorsi?

A

spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebrae
iliac crest

34
Q

Where does latissimus dorsi insert?

A

floor (middle) of intertubercular groove of humerus

35
Q

What muscles insert in the intertubercular groove of the humerus?

A

latissimus dorsi
teres major

36
Q

What is the action of latissimus dorsi?

A

extend humerus at shoulder joint
adduct humerus
medially rotate humerus
raise body during climbing

37
Q

What is the innervation of latissimus dorsi?

A

thoracodorsal nerve

38
Q

What is the origin of levator scapulae?

A

transverse processes C1-C4

39
Q

Where is insertion of levator scapulae?

A

medial border of scapula
- at level above spine of scapula

40
Q

What is the action of levator scapulae?

A

elevate/ rotate scapula

41
Q

What happens to glenoid cavity when levator scapulae rotates scapula?

42
Q

What is the innervation of levator scapulae?

A

dorsal scapular nerve

43
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid minor?

A

spinous processes C7/T1

44
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid major?

A

spinous processes T2-T5

45
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid minor?

A

medial border of scapula
- at level of spine of scapula

46
Q

What is the insertion of rhomboid major?

A

medial border of scapula
- at level below spine of scapula

47
Q

What is the action of rhomboid minor/ major?

A

retract/ rotate scapula

48
Q

What happens to glenoid cavity when rhomboids rotate scapula?

49
Q

What is the innervation of rhomboid major/ minor?

A

dorsal scapular nerve

50
Q

What is the menomic for remembering where levator scapulae/ rhomboids originate from?

A

4 2 2 4
4 - levator scapulae TP C1-C4
2- skip 2
2- rhomboid minor SP C7-T1
4- rhomboid major SP T2-T5

51
Q

Where do the scapulo-humeral muscles originate from/ insert? = intrinsic shoulder muscles

A

scapulus to humerus

52
Q

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

53
Q

What are the 3 facets of the greater tubercle of proximal humerus?

A

superior/ middle/ inferior

54
Q

What is the origin of supraspinatus?

A

supraspinous fossa of scapula

55
Q

Where is insertion of supraspinatus?

A

greater tubercle of humerus
- superior facet

56
Q

What is the action of supraspinatus?

A

stabilize shoulder joint
abduct humerus

57
Q

What is the innervation of supraspinatus?

A

suprascapular nerve

58
Q

What is the origin of infraspinatus?

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

59
Q

Where is the insertion of infraspinatus?

A

greater tubercle of humerus
- middle facet

60
Q

What is the action of infraspinatus?

A

stabilize shoulder joint
laterally rotate humerus

61
Q

What is the innervation of infraspinatus?

A

suprascapular nerve

62
Q

What muscles contribute to the lateral rotation of the scapula?

A

infraspinatus (lateral) / latissimus (medial)

63
Q

What is the origin of teres minor?

A

lateral border of scapula

64
Q

Where is insertion of teres minor?

A

greater tubercle of humerus
- inferior facet

65
Q

What is action of teres minor?

A

laterally rotate humerus
stabilize shoulder joint

66
Q

What is the innervation of teres minor?

A

axillary nerve

67
Q

What is the origin of subscapularis? (anterior)

A

subscapular fossa of scapula

68
Q

Where is insertion of subscapularis?

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

69
Q

What is the action of subscapularis?

A

medially rotate humerus
stabilize shoulder joint

70
Q

What is the innervation of subscapularis?

A

upper/ lower subscapular nerve

71
Q

From an anterior view what muscles of the rotator cuff do you see?

A

subscapularis

72
Q

From a posterior view what muscles of the rotator cuff do you see?

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor

73
Q

Where does the deltoid originate from?

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion of spine
spine of scapula

74
Q

Where does deltoid insert?

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

75
Q

What is the function of deltoid (anterior/ middle/ posterior)?

A

everything humerus related

76
Q

What is the innervation of deltoid?

A

axillary nerve

77
Q

What is the “little brother” of latissimus dorsi?

A

teres major

78
Q

What is the origin of teres major?

A

lateral border of scapula- inferior aspect

79
Q

What is the insertion of teres major?

A

intertubercular groove of humerus
- medial lip

Anatomy HK 3401 (7 decks)

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