Vertebral Collumn and Neck Flashcards
Splenius Capitus & Cervicis Origin
Capitus:
- lower ½ nuchal ligament
- spinous processes C7‐T3/4
- supraspinous ligament.
Cervicis:
- spinous processes T3/4‐T6
Erector Spinae Origin
- broad tendon
- supraspinous ligament
- sacro‐iliac ligaments
- median sacral crest
- posterior iliac crest
- lumbar & thoracic spinous processes
Quadratus lumborum Origin
Transverse process of L5 & posterior iliac crest
Splenius Capitus & Cervicis insertion
Capitus:
- mastoid process
- ateral 1/3 nuchal line.
Cervicis:
- transverse processes C1‐C3
Erector Spinae insertion
Iliocostalis:
- lower ribs
- cervical transverse Processes.
Longissimus:
- ribs between tubercles & transverse processes
- mastoid process.
Spinalis:
- upper thoracic spinous processes & cranium
Quadratus lumborum insertion
- Lower border of 12th rib
- lumbar transverse processes L1-L4
Splenius Capitus & Cervicis Action
Unilateral:
- lateral flexion
- ipsilateral rotation.
Bilateral:
- neck extension
Erector Spinae Action
Action:
- Flexion, extension of vertebral column.
Function:
- prime mover of back muscles.
Transversospinalis Action
- In oblique- superior & medial direction
- Extensors of back and neck
Semispinalis- capitus, cervicis & thoracis Action
- Contralateral rotation of cervical region
- extension of vertebral column.
Multifidus Action
- stabilise vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column and trunk
Interspinalis Action
Synergist with multifidus
Intertransversarii Action
- Synergist with quadratus lumborum in lateral flextion
Quadratus lumborum Action
- Lateral flexion of spine
- fixator of 12th rib during respiration
Splenius Capitus & Cervicis Nerve Supply
- Posterior rami of spinal nerves
Erector Spinae Nerve Supply
- Posterior rami of spinal nerves
Quadratus lumborum Nerve Supply
- Anterior rami of spinal nerves T12-L3/L4
Sternocleidomastoid origin
- anterior surface of manubrium; superior surface of medial 1/3 of clavicle
Anterior Scalene origin
- Superior: transverse processes of C3‐C6
Middle scalene origin
- Superior: transverse processes of C5‐C7
Posterior Scalene origin
- Superior: transverse processes of C5‐C7
Sternocleidomastoid insertion
- mastoid process
- lateral ½ nuchal line
Anterior Scalene insertion
- Inferior: 1st rib
Middle scalene insertion
- Inferior: superior surface of 1st rib
Posterior Scalene insertion
- Inferior: external border of second rib.
Sternocleidomastoid nerve supply
Accessory nerve
Anterior Scalene nerve supply
Innervation: cervical spinal nerves C4‐C6
Middle scalene nerve supply
Innervation: anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Posterior Scalene nerve supply
Innervation: anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Sternocleidomastoid Action
Bilaterally:
- Flexion of the head and neck
- extension of the head and neck.
Unilaterally:
- Rotation of head to opposite side
- lateral flexion
Anterior Scalene Action and Func
Action & Function: flex head; accessory muscle of inspiration
Posterior Scalene Action
Action & Function: flex neck laterally; accessory muscle of inspiration.
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Action
Action:
- extension of head
- ipsilateral rotation.
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Action
Action:
- extension of head on atlas
Obliquus capitis inferior Action
Action: “no.”
Unilateral:
- turns head ipsilaterally.
Bilateral:
- extends atlas on axis
Obliquus Capitis Superior Action
Action:
Unilateral:
- skull/C1 rotation.
Bilateral:
- extends head.
