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Functional Anatomy Julia > Movement of the Pelvis > Flashcards

Movement of the Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the pelvis?

A

Weight transference and a connection point

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2
Q

What is the pelvis girdle?

A

The ring of bone formed by the two hip bones and sacrum.

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3
Q

How is the female and male pelvis’ different?

A

Males have a narrower pelvis whilst females have a wider pelvis.

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4
Q

What is the angle of inclination? How does it differ through out life?

A

The angle the femur and hip bone make. In adults it is roughly 126 degrees, while babies have a larger angle (135 degrees) because not much stress has been placed on the joints. Elderly people have a smaller angle. This places extra pressure on the head of the femur, causing pain and pressure.

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5
Q

What is the difference between vara and valga?

A

Vara is a deformity of the hip joint where there is a decreased angle whilst valga is an increased angle

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6
Q

What types of joints are the sacro-iliac and hip joint?

A

Synovial joints

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7
Q

What types of joints are the sacro-coccygeal, pubic symphesis and lumbrosacral joints?

A

Fibrocartilage - secondary cartilage between joints

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8
Q

Why is the hip joint so stable?

A
  • contains three capsular ligaments
  • cartilagenous ring (acetabular labrum)
  • articular surfaces which aid in gliding and sliding as well as suction and negative pressure
  • deep socket, and the head fits very well
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9
Q

What is the acetebular labrum?

A
  • mainly fibrocartilage
  • enhances stability
  • maintains negative intra-cellular pressure (suction)
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10
Q

What are bursae?

A

slippery sacks found in synovial joints that aid in sliding and gliding; they become inflammed and filled with excess fluid when overused

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11
Q

What is the lumbosacral plexus?

A

A complex network of nerves which mix and match. A redundancy is created to ensure that if any nerves are damaged, electrical signals will still get sent to the muscles

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12
Q

What are the 7 muscular regions of the lower limb?

A

iliac region, gluteal region, medial thigh region, anterior thigh region, posterior thigh muscles, leg muscles, foot muscles

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the iliac region?

A

psoas minor, psoas major, illiacus

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14
Q

What are the muscles of the gluteal region?

A

tensor fascia latae, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, gemelli superior, gemelli inferior, quadratus femoris

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15
Q

What are the muscles of the medial thigh region?

A

pectineus, gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus

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16
Q

What is a proximal attachment?

A

origin

17
Q

What is a distal attachment?

A

insersion

18
Q

Psoas minor

A

P: lateral sides of T12 and L1 vertebrae and intervertebral (IV) disc
D: pectin pubic and iliopectineal eminence
Action: weak trunk flexor and hip stabiliser
NS: 1st lumbar nerve

19
Q

Psoas major

A

P: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, sides of bodies of vertebrae T12-L5 and IV discs in between
D: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: hip/trunk flexion
NS: anterior (motor) rami of lumbar nerves L1-L3

20
Q

Iliacus

A

P: superior 2/3 of iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and sacro-iliac ligaments
D: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: hip flexion and stabilise hip
NS: femoral nerve

21
Q

Pectineus

A

P: superior ramus of the pubis
D: pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
Action: adducts and flexes hip, assist medial rotation of hip
NS: femoral nerve

22
Q

Gracilis

A

P: body and inferior ramus of publis
D: anterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
Action: hip adduction, knee flexion, medial rotation
NS: obturator nerve

23
Q

Adductor longus

A

P: lateral aspect of body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
D: middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur
Action: hip adduction
NS: obturator nerve

24
Q

Adductor brevis

A

P: body and inferior ramus of pubis
D: pectineal line and proximal part of linear aspera of femur
Action: hip adduction
NS: obturator nerve

25
Q

Adductor magnus

A

P: (adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis and ramus of ischium); (hamstring: ischial tuberosity)
D: (adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line); (hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur)
Action: hip adduction and extension
NS: obturator nerve

26
Q

Obturator externus

A

P: external margin of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
D: trochantor fossa of femur
Action: hip lateral rotation and stabilise hip
NS: obturator nerve

27
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

P: anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of iliac crest
D: ilio-tibial band which attaches to the antero-lateral tubercle of tibia

28
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

P: ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, forsal lower sacrum and coccyx, erector spinae aponeurosis and sacrotuberous ligament
D: iliotibial band and gluteal tuberosity
Action: hip extention and lateral rotation
NS: inferior gluteal nerve

29
Q

Gluteus medius

A

P: external surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
D: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: hip extension, abduction, keeps ipsilateral pelvis level when standing on one leg

30
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

P: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
D: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action: hip abduction and medial rotation
NS: superior gluteal nerve

31
Q

Which muscles are involved in stabilisation of the hip joint?

A

piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris, obturator externus

32
Q

Piriformis

A

P: anterior surface of sacrum
D: duperior border of breater trochanter of femur
Action: hip lateral rotation
NS: branches of anterior rami of S1 + S2

33
Q

Superior gemellus

A

P: ischial spine
D: trochanter fossa of femur
Action: hip lateral rotation
NS: nerve to obturator internus

34
Q

Obturator internus

A

P: internal surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
D: trochanteric fossa of femur
Action: hip lateral rotation
NS: nerve to obturator internus

35
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

P: ischial tuberosity
D: trochanteric fossa of femur
Action:hip lateral rotation
NS: nerve to quadratus femoris

36
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

P: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
D: quadrate tubercle
Action: hip lateral rotation
NS: nerve to quadratus femoris

Functional Anatomy Julia (11 decks)

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