verbatim chem groups

Question 1

Hydroxyl

Answer 1

• OH
  Polar
  Not charged
  Carbs, nucleic acids, alcohols, acids, steroids

Question 2

Carboxyl

Answer 2

• COOH or COO-
  Acidic, negatively charged when H+ dissociates, involved in peptide bonds
  typically negatively charged at cell pH
  acidic, has donated H+
  amino acids, fatty acids

Question 3

Amino

Answer 3

• NH2, NH3+
  Basic, may bond an additional H+, involved in peptide bonds
  typically positively charged at cell pH, basic, has added H+
• amino acids, nucleic acids

Question 4

Phosphate

Answer 4

• H2PO4
• HPO4-
  acidic, up to two negative charges when H+ disassociates, links nucleotides in nucleotides in nucleic acids, energy-carrier group in ATP
• nucleic acids, phospholipids
• typically negatively charged at cell pH (acidic, has donated H+)

Question 5

Methyl

Answer 5

• CH3
  Non polar, tends to make molecules hydrophobic
• NEVER chargges
• organic molecules, esp lipids