Chemical Groups Flashcards
1
Q
Hydroxyl group
A
-OH, alcohol
- not charged
- polar
2
Q
Carbonyl group
A
/
\ C = o
3
Q
Ketone
A
if carbonyl group is within a carbon skeleton
4
Q
Aldehyde
A
If carbonyl group at the end of a carbon skeleton
have h attached
5
Q
Carboxyl group
A
-COOH or COO-
Carboxylic acid
Organic acid
– typically negatively charged at cell pH
- acidic, has donated H+
- peptide bonds
Polar
6
Q
AMino group
A
-NH2 or NH3+
Amine
- typically positively charged at cell pH
- basic, has added H+
7
Q
Sulfhydryl group
A
-SH
or HS-
Thiol
polar
8
Q
Phosphate group
A
-HPO4-, H2PO4
P doubled bonded to O, two P bonded to H, one O
Organic phosphate
- typically negatively charged at cell pH
-acidic
9
Q
Methyl group
A
-CH3
Methylated compound
- nonpolar
-tends to make molecules hydrophobic
- never charged
