Verbals Flashcards
What is a verbal?
Verbals are forms of verbs that are used as other parts of speech
What are the three types of verbals?
Participles, gerunds, and infinitives
What is a participle?
A verb form that may be used as a verb, adjective, or adverbial
What are the two main classes of participle?
Present and past
How do you form the present participle?
Add -ing to the base form of the verb
How do you form the past participle?
Add -ed to the base for, of a regular verb or make the necessary change to an irregular verb.
A participial phrase includes
The participle, it’s objects, complements, and modifiers.
What is a gerund?
A verb form that takes the place of a noun (can also be referred to as a nominal)
The gerund is created by
Adding -ing to the base form of the verb
In the sentence “she loves skiing”, skiing is a ______, functioning as a ________.
Gerund, direct object
True or false: a gerund may have modifiers.
True
What is an infinitive?
An infinitive can be used as a nominal, an adjective, or an adverbial. Most are marked by the word to
How can you tell the difference between an infinitive and a prepositional phrase?
A verb would never immediately follow ‘to’ in a prepositional phrase, but it always will in the infinitive.
In the sentence “His goal is to climb Mt. Everest.” is the infinitive functioning as a subject, object, or subject complement?
Subject complement
In the sentence “To swim is my greatest love.” is the infinitive functioning as a subject, object, or subject complement?
Subject
In the sentence “my friend Bud loves to ski.” is the infinitive functioning as a subject, object, or subject complement?
Object
The infinitive, accompanied by objects, complements, or modifiers is called
An infinitive phrase
What is a dummy element?
Also called an expletive. It takes the place of some words in the sentence, and fills the place of the subject.
What is a split infinitive?
When the infinitive marker ‘to’ is separated from the verb by a misplaced word.
“The workers need to completely redo our driveway.” has a split infinitive. How would you remedy this?
The workers need to redo our driveway completely.
The perfect form implies
Action that ends.
How do you create the perfect form of a present participle?
Use having with the past participle form of the verb.
How do you create the perfect form of a gerund?
Combine having with the past participle of the verb.
How do you create the perfect form of an infinitive?
Combine the infinitive marker ‘to’ followed by ‘have’ and the past participle of the verb.
