Ventral And Dorsal

Question 1

Explain Goodale 1991 patient DF study (5)

Answer 1

Patient DF is able to guide her hand for reach and grasping without being able to explicitly describe the properties
This is because dorsal stream was in tact (picking tool is example of dorsal)

DF makes errors when picking up took
She grasps it in a way that they cannot be used
This indicates ventral deficiencies

Question 2

What are the effects of the ventral stream?(2)

Answer 2

The body’s capabilities

This causes overestimate

Question 3

What does Goodale 1992 argue?

Answer 3

We have 2 distinct visual systems

Question 4

What is the dorsal stream responsible for?

Answer 4

Behavioural interaction with objects

E.g. Reaching for a ball

Question 5

What is the ventral stream required for?

Answer 5

Conscious perception of objects

Question 6

Give an example of ventral and dorsal interaction?(2)

Answer 6

Holding a tool requires only dorsal stream

But holding a tool in a functional manner requires ventral stream

Question 6

Explain Haffenden 1998 illusion study (5)

Answer 6

Disk illusion fooled the ventral stream 
As they estimated the wrong size
However thy were able to pick up disk with the correct grip aperture, regardless of illusion 
Dorsal stream was not fooled
Shows dissociation between streams

Question 7

Explain Jeannerod 1994 dorsal lesion study (3)

Answer 7

Patient has lesion in dorsal stream
Able to describe object
However they choose the incorrect grip aperture to pick up

Question 8

What are those with ventral lesions able to do and not do?(2)

Answer 8

Able to carry out everyday activities

Not able to recognise common objects

Question 9

Explain Proffitt’s 1995 findings on ventral/dorsal estimations (3)

Answer 9

Participants verbally and visually overestimate slant (ventral)
However haptic measurements are more accurate (dorsal)
However visually guided actions are not affected by slant perceptions

Question 10

Conclude Bhalla and Proffitt 1999 manipulation study (2)

Answer 10

Manipulation of physiological state affects conscious judgement
However has no effect on immediate visuomotor behaviour

Question 11

Explain the findings from Creem 1998 memory and perception study (4)

Answer 11

Slant estimation after a short delay did not affect visually guided actions
As the brain uses working memory

Slant estimation after a long delay or change of location did affect visually guided actions
As the brain uses explicit memory

Question 12

What did a study by Whitt 2004 find about logged walking?

Answer 12

72% of all logged walking was uncorrelated with pedometer

Question 13

Explain Vanplanken 1998 study on habitual car use (3)

Answer 13

Compared habitual care use and intention to use car
People with strong habit are not affected by intention (use car even when not intended)
Wear car habit have stronger relationship between intention and behaviour

Question 14

Explain Ji Song (2006) study on habitual fast food buying and intention (2)

Answer 14

People with strong habit are not affected by intention to buy healthy food
People with low habit had stronger relationship with intention and behaviour

Question 15

When happens in our brain when we carry out habitual behaviour?(2)

Answer 15

Brain reward system is activated

Verplanken 1997

Question 16

Explain Cunningham 2003 on food (3)

Answer 16

Significantly greater brain activation in amygdala (brain reward system)
When shown high calorie food
Especially during fed state

Question 17

How does ventral/dorsal affect measurement (3)

Answer 17

During self report we use ventral stream to estimate how much we walk Ventral stream overestimates
Therefore self report is a poor measure