Quasi Experimental Case Study Flashcards
What may cause potential health differences in SES?(2)
Having the money to buy regular healthy food
Being educated on how to live a healthy lifestyle
What are signs of SES?(5)
Salary Car ownership Ethnicity Occupation Education
How may ethnicity influence health?(3)
Associated with lower SES
Some cultures believe that being overweight is a good sign of health (Patel 2011)
(More likely to be over weight and not use stairs)
Name some physical factors associated with greater slant perception (6)
Increased weight
Older age
Decreased fitness
Increased fatigue
Bhalla and Profitt 1999
According to __________, greater self efficacy is associated with _______ positive PA behaviours (3)
Davidson 2010
Greater
According to __________, greater positive eating attitude is associated with _______ positive eating habits (3)
Le 2013
Greater
Smoking leads to bad health which may lead to ______ slant perception
Greater
Increased height and increased quad strength are associated with _______ slant perception
Lower
Why are people more likely to walk in places with high ‘people traffic’?(2)
Minimises time penalty of siting for lift or escalator
Eves 2008
According to ________, improvements to stairs may ______ stair use
Bouetelle 2001
Increase
Increase walking distance ______ walking
Decreases
According to Warren 1984 what effect can stair riser height have (2)
Increased stride length
Increased energy expenditure if not in optimal stride length
Findings from Warren 1984 step height perception study (2)
Tall people believe they can climb higher steps
As they have longer legged
Explain Konczack 1992 leg strength and quad strength study findings (2)
Weaker legs perceive stair height as steeper
Muscles are needed to put support weight
Findings Warren 1984 riser height EE study (2)
The optimal riser height has the lowest energetic cost of walking
Taller people have a larger optimal riser height
What is the issue with stair steps in buildings
Usually smaller than optimal riser heights
Why is the percentage of men important?(3)
Men are usually a greater hurry so more willing to take stairs
Men a stronger than women so perceive stair as less steep
Women carry more fat
What does the width of stairs affect?
How quickly the stairs become saturated
What can size of workforce affect?
How often lifts are packed
What can number of floors affect?(3)
Distance travelled
Time waiting for lift
What happens if there are more lifts in building?(2)
More likely to be a free lift
However need to check number of people in building per lift
Explain Eves 2008 humidity study (4)
Humidity increases the energetic cost of stair climbing
People are less likely to walk on stairs
Humidity affects men more than women
Women lose heat more easily
What affect does stair case height have on stair usage
Decreases stair usage
Time is a _____ stream cost and energy is a _______ cost
Ventral (explicit)
Dorsal (implicit)
Why is age important in stair climbing
Risk of falling may be significant in elder individual who are at hurt risk of falling this may especially be true for toes who are weak.
They not only perceive hill to be steeper but also have reduced critical riser height due to weaker quads
Why may psychological attitudes not matter?(3)
It has been shown that in building site interventions that people are biased to time minimisation and energy minimisation.
Habits can reduce the effects of intention and attitudes
What are the effects of traffic at lift in building sites?(3)
Decreases stair use
Possibly because other people are waiting for lift
Lift may already be on its way to floor
How can stairs location affect stirs use?
If stairs are sig further than left/escalator then people are more likely to wait
Explain Ryan 2011 SES stair climbing findings
Low SES areas walk less than high SES
How can workplace lunch affect eating?(2)
Food provided at work may be unhealthy
People more likely to eat that even if they have positive attitude to healthy eating
