Ventilation, Gas Exchange, Gas Transport

Question 1

What is the primary functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

• supply O2
• remove CO2
• maintain pH of blood

Question 2

What is the secondary functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 2

• sound production
• olfactory sense (smell)
• angiotensin-converting enzyme production

Question 3

What are the requirements for efficient external respiration?

Answer 3

• maintain partial pressure gradient
• large SA for exchange
• short diffusion distance at site of exchange
• blood flow matching air flow

Question 4

Define tidal volume (VT)

Answer 4

Volume of air moved into & out of lungs during a single respiratory cycle

Question 5

Define respiratory rate (f)

Answer 5

12-18 breaths per min at rest

Question 6

Define respiratory minute volume (VE)

Answer 6

VE = respiratory rate (f) x tidal volume (VT)

Question 7

Define anatomic dead space (VD)

Answer 7

Volume of air in respiratory passageways where no gaseous exchange occurs

Question 8

Define alveolar ventilation (VA)

Answer 8

VA = f x (VT - VD)

Question 9

What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 9

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 10

What is the relationship between pressure and airflow in the lungs?

Answer 10

Air flows from area of high pressure to low pressure

Question 11

When does inhalation occur?

Answer 11

If intrapulmonary pressure is less than atmospheric pressure

Question 12

When does exhalation occur?

Answer 12

If intrapulmonary pressure increases in excess of atmospheric pressure