Venous System Disorders Flashcards
What does the saphenous venous system do?
Superficial saphenous> perforator branch> deep veins> back to the right heart
What are varicose veins?
Veins that are abnormally distended and tortuous underneath the skin surface
Where are varicose veins usually located?
- superficial saphenous (MC)
- distal esophagus
- anorectal
- left scrotal sac (varicocele)
What is the MC clinical manifestation of chronic venous insufficiency?
Superficial varicosities in lower extremities
What RF are associated with superficial varicosities?
female family hx varicose veins multiple pregnancies prolonged standing obesity advanced age
What is the pathogenesis of superficial varicosities?
Valve incompetence of perforator branches>
reversal of blood flow>
superficial saphenous
What causes secondary superficial saphenous veins?
DVT w/ reversed blood flow to superficial veins
How do you tx superficial varicosities?
- Compression stockings
2. Compression sclerotherapy, ligation and stripping, endovenous obliteration using radiofrequency
What causes venous thrombosis?
MCC stasis blood flow
hypercoagulability
Where do venous thrombosis most often occur?
MC site lower extremity (veins in calf, popliteal/femoral veins)
What are acute signs of a DVT in the calf?
swelling
pain
edema
What is a chronic sign of DVT?
Stasis dermatitis (hemorrhagic/orange discoloration of the skin and ischemic ulcers located around the medial malleolus of the ankles)
What causes superficial thrombophlebitis?
Occult DVT
What causes superficial thrombophlebitis?
IV cannulation veins
infection (s. aureus)
pancreatic cancer
hypercoaguable state
What are clinical findings associated with superficial thrombophlebitis?
Pain, tenderness, erythema of underlying vein
