venous drainage of the trunk

Question 1

Arteries have ______, while veins have _______.

Answer 1

branches
tributaries

Question 2

Arteries always lead _____ from the heart and veins ______ the heart, irrespective of the oxygen content of the blood carried.

Answer 2

away
towards

Question 3

what are the great arteries leaving the heart

Answer 3

aorta and pulmonary trunk.

Question 4

what are the great veins entering the heart

Answer 4

superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

Question 5

what are the main veins draining blood from the body

Answer 5

superior vena cava (SVC), which drains blood from the head, neck and upper limbs, and the inferior vena cava (IVC), which drains blood from abdominal and pelvic cavities and lower limbs.

Question 6

SVC

Answer 6

drains blood from the head, neck and upper limbs

Question 7

inferior vena cava (IVC),

Answer 7

drains blood from abdominal and pelvic cavities and lower limbs.

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

SVC description

Answer 9

short diameter vein located in anterior right superior mediasteinum

Question 10

embryologically how is the SVC formed

Answer 10

by left and right brachiocephalic veins (innominate veins) which also received blood from upper limbs, eyes and neck

Question 11

is there a valve that separates right atrium from SVC

Answer 11

no

Question 12

right atrium function

Answer 12

conducts blood from right material and right ventricular contraction upwards into the IJV - jugular venous pressure and into sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 13

where does SVC begin

Answer 13

behind lower border of the first right costal cartilage and descends vertically behind 2nd and 3rd intercostal spaces

Question 14

where does SVC drain into

Answer 14

atrium at the level of third costal cartilage

Question 15

what is the lower half of SVC covered by

Answer 15

fibrous pericardium which is peirced by SVC at level of 2nd costal cartilage

Question 16

after circulating systematically in the body where does deoxygenated blood go

Answer 16

returns to right atrium through SVC - upper body or Vena cava - everything below diaphragm

Question 17

the azygos venous system (azygos = unpaired), drains blood from

Answer 17

the posterior intercostal veins to the SVC.
These veins are found lying immediately adjacent to the thoracic aorta

Question 17

the azygos venous system (azygos = unpaired), drains blood from

Answer 17

the posterior intercostal veins to the SVC.
These veins are found lying immediately adjacent to the thoracic aorta

Question 18

what is the main vein of venous drainage system

Answer 18

azygos vein lying immediately to the right of the descending thoracic aorta.

Question 18

what is the main vein of venous drainage system

Answer 18

azygos vein lying immediately to the right of the descending thoracic aorta.

Question 19

azygous venous system

Answer 19

It consists of the azygos vein on the right side of the posterior mediastinum, and the hemiazygos venous system (hemi = “half”: it is not as well-developed as the azygos system) on the left side.

Question 20

The hemiazygos veins themselves drain into

Answer 20

the azygos vein by crossing from left to right at levels T8/T9.

Question 21

Into which main vein does the azygos vein drain?

Answer 21

superior vena cava

Question 22

Into which main vein does the azygos vein drain?

Answer 22

superior vena cava

Question 23

Which chest wall veins are drained by the azygos and hemiazygos venous systems – anterior or posterior intercostal veins?

Answer 23

The posterior intercostal veins drain into the azygos (right side) and hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein (left side)

Question 24

Answer 24