Mediasteinum

Question 1

label anterior boundary of mediasteinum

Question 2

what is the anterior boundary to mediastinum

Answer 2

sternum

Question 3

what is the posterior boundary to the mediastinum

Answer 3

all 12 thoracic vertebrae

Question 4

where is the location of the superior limit of mediastinum

Answer 4

jugular notch above the sternum extending superiorly to upper limit of T1

Question 5

Where is the location of the posterior boundary

Answer 5

diaphragm

Question 6

what are the divisions of the mediasteinum

Answer 6

superior
inferior - middle, anterior, posterior

Question 7

what is the reference point of division of superior and inferior mediastinum

Answer 7

sternal angle - where manubrium articulates with body of the sternum

at level of second costal cartilages then attached to second ribs

line intersects between T4-5 - everything above - superior mediasteinum

Question 8

middle mediasteinum

Question 9

superior mediasteinum

Question 10

what does the mediasteinum include

Answer 10

the contents of the thorax other than the lungs and their covering pleurae, i.e., standing in the middle of the thorax

Question 11

what do the contents of the mediasteinum represent

Answer 11

a semi-flexible block of structures, which is attached by fasciae to its surrounding structures and can therefore be displaced laterally in the event of e.g., a tumour or collapse of either lung

Question 12

what is the mediasteinum divided into

Answer 12

superior and inferior mediastinum by the sternomanubrial plane (indicated by the sternal angle and vertebra T4).

Question 13

what is the inferior mediasteinum further divided into

Answer 13

anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum

Question 14

Which bone forms the anterior border of the superior mediastinum

Answer 14

manubrium of the sternum

Question 15

Which thoracic vertebrae form the posterior border of the superior mediastinum

Answer 15

T1-4

Question 16

Which plane separates the superior from the inferior mediastinum

Answer 16

transverse plane

Question 17

what main structures are found in the superior mediasteinum

Answer 17

Arteries: aortic arch and its 3 main branches
Veins: left and right brachiocephalic veins and SVC
Nerves: vagus & phrenic nerves.
Trachea
Oesophagus

Question 18

where is the thymus located

Answer 18

anterior mediasteinum

Question 19

heart, pericardium and great vessels location

Answer 19

middle mediasteinum

Question 20

descending aorta location

Answer 20

posterior mediasteinum

Question 21

oesophagus location

Answer 21

posterior mediasteinum

Question 22

thoracic duct location

Answer 22

posterior mediasteinum

Question 23

azygos vein location

Answer 23

posterior mediadsteinum

Question 24

sympathetic chain location

Answer 24

posterior mediasteinum

Question 25

inferior mediasteinum

Question 26

mediasteinum

Question 27

superior and inferior mediasteinum relationship

Answer 27

Question 28

anterior mediasteinum

Question 29

inferior mediasteinum

Answer 29

Question 30

inferior mediasteinum

Answer 30

Question 31

middle mediasteinum

Answer 31