surface anatomy of the heart Flashcards
where does the heart lie in relation to the oesophagus
immediately infront of the oesophagus
The heart lies immediately in front of the oesophagus and
vertebra T5-T8 (i.e., the middle 4 thoracic vertebrae)
in the recumbent (lying down) position what does the heart lie behind
costal cartilages 2-6
what does the base of the heart lie immediately anterior to
oesophagus
what is the fibrous pericardium of the heart attached inferiorly to
superior surface of the diaphragm
what happens to the heart in a standing up position
the heart descends by a small amount relative to the vertebral column.
One- third of the heart lies to the ____ of the median plane and two-thirds to the _____ of this plane.
right
left
The superior border extends from
the 2nd right cc to the 3rd left cc
The inferior border extends from the
6th right cc to the 5th left ics in the midclavicular line
The right border extends from
the 3rd right cc to the 6th right cc
The left border extends from the
2nd cc to the 5th left ics in the midclavicular line
The surface marking of the apex (apex beat) of the heart:
5th left intercostal space in the midclavicular line – i.e., just below the left nipple. (Infants and children have an apex beat more superior and lateral to that of adults).
what are the four heart valves
P = Pulmonary valve; A = Aortic valve; M = Mitral valve; T = Tricuspid valve
