Venous Flashcards
What vessel on the arm is antero-lateral to surface of arm, what is this vein?
Cephalic vein
Characteristics at the medial and lower calf that caused an onset of ankle swelling:
Lack of spontaneous, phasic flow is normal in tibial veins
Ulcers caused by severe arterial/venous disease:
Arterial ulcers are Deep w/ regular shape, bony prominences, trophic changes. Least likely is brawny discoloration related to venous insufficiency
May-turner syndrome
DVT, compression of left common iliac vein
A PT w/ swelling bilaterally in lower extremities, an acute DVT proximal to groin, where?
Inferior vena cava
Peripheral vascular occlusive disease(PVOD) in elderly PT with swollen extremity:
Check popliteal artery is deeper than popliteal vein
A duplex imaging exam finds a 9cm swelling and bluish discoloration in one leg compared to other leg:
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens(red), if leg is very pale would be phlegmasia alba dolens.
A hydrostatic pressure at the ankle of a 6 foot supine man would be?
0 mmHg
What veins have the greatest number of valves?
Posterior tibial veins, venous valves increase distally(peroneal veins). More distal the vein in LE, the more valves it has
In an abdominal imaging in a PT w/ ascites , what is not a support for diagnosis of thrombi of the portal vein?
Hepato-petal flow is a normal finding
Lymph node images appear:
Brighter in center, surrounded by low level echoes
Lower left leg swelling, heaviness and varicosities in a 30 yr old mom, what is the cause most likely?
Chronic venous insufficiency
Least likely to occur w/ an effective calf muscle pump?
Increase in venous volume. Will have a decrease in venous volume/pressure and return blood to the heart, unidirectional flow from superficial to deep system, prevents reflux from happening
Femoral vein, used to be called superficial femoral vein:
Is not normally paired
A PT w/ a DVT, during exam what is least likely to cause a false positive study?
Presence of a bifed system
True about the GSV(great saphenous)vein:
Terminates at the saphenousfemoral junction, flow from posterior arch vein flows into GSV, GSV is longest vein in body
An approximate venous pressure at the ankle level is?
15mmhg
True of portal hypertension:
Elevated venous pressure is secondary to obstructive process, treatment usually require decompression of the portal venous system, related to some form of chronic liver disease, hepatitis-fugal flow may be evident in the portal vein, blood on portal vein is going away from liver cuz elevated venous pressure, elevated pressure can alter blood flow in portal vein going away from liver
Normal venous volume change inflow/outflow during air-plethysmorgraphic(APG) evaluation?
Venous system empties with passive leg evaluation
How does normal Doppler venous signal of arm differ from that of the leg?
Flow from the arm decreases during exhalation, while flow from the leg increases on exhalation
What effect does inspiration have on the lower extremity veins?
Inspiration causes venous outflow from the legs to be halted
During contraction of the calf muscles, venous pressure in the deep veins is greater than the pressure in superficial veins. What prevents blood from flowing into the superficial system from the deep?
Flow maintains its unidirectional flow because of the closed valves in the perforators
Veins are not completely passive structures, but have some reactivity referred to as venomotor tone, things that effect a venomotor:
Exercise, trams, deep breathing, temperature, light has no effect
In a duplex exam what is medial aspect of the lower calf? What can you see in transverse view represents which vessel is near fascia and fibula?
Posterior tibial artery and veins near fascia and peroneal artery and veins near fibula
True about an ineffective calf muscle pump?
Increase in volume/pressure is a result of ineffective muscle pump, incompetent valves cause reflux or venous pooling.. Possible increase in ambulatory venous pressure is secondary(venous hypertension)
What is the normal direction of blood flow in the perforating veins during muscle contraction?
The perforating veins always carry blood from superficial veins into deep veins, into deep from superficial
A PT w/ tender mass in R. Upper quadrant, in saggital view, the portal vein and hepatic artery are identified in the same plane, what colors would be displayed in this condition?
Both vessels will have same color, both carry blood to liver, should be the same color
What vessels form superior vena cava (SVC)?
SVC is formed by the confluence of the right and left innominate veins
A thrombectomy is usually reserved for limb threatening situation
Lyric therapy is usually reserved for limb threatening sit.
Edema, Fluid the subcutaneous tissue, what’s related to this condition?
CHF, electrolyte imbalance, renal dysfunction
Normally, how does venous volume change with infow/outflow during an air-plethysmographic(APG) evaluation?
Venous system empties with passive leg evaluation
A PT had 9cm swelling and blush color on one leg, what will exam find?
Extensive, acute ilio -femoral deep venous thrombosis, phlegmasia cerulea dolens
True about the portal vein:
Hepato- petal(into liver), Portal vein formed by confluence of the superior mesenteric and splenic vein, flow in portal vein is little phasic, more continuous in nature, liver received blood from pancreas/gall bladder thru portal vein, not involved hepato-fugal= means flow away from liver
PPG detects peripheral arterial or venous systems, AC coupling (alternating current) for arterial exams and DC coupling (direct current) for venous studies.
DC detects slower flow changes than AC, electrical voltage is either positive or negative. Wall outlet not an example of DC. Wall outlet is alternating of 120 volts
What occurs w/ an effective calf muscle pump:
Venous return to heart increased w/ unidirectional flow is maintained from the superficial system into deep system. Bad pump increase in venous volume
In venous anatomy how are the veins in foramen most likely positioned from a lateral to medial orientation?
Cephalon, radial, basilic
Medial to lateral
Basilic, brachial, cephalic
An interruption device(filer) device normally placed?
IVC below renal veins
Blood in the basilic vein normally revels into what vessels?
Axillary vein
A PT w/. Mass in upper R. Quadrant in an abdominal exam, in saggital view, the portal vein and hepatic artery are identified as the same:
Both have same color