Vavular Diseases Flashcards
1
Q
HTN is often called ______________
A
the silent killer
2
Q
Causes for VALVULAR Disease (3)
A
1) Rheumatic heart disease
2) HTN
3) Infective endocarditis
3
Q
Consequences of VALVULAR Disease (3)
A
1) Heart Failure
2) Arrhythmia
3) Stroke
4
Q
Prothrombin Time (Normal range)
A
10-13 seconds
5
Q
INR
1) Normal lab value?
2) Therapeutic value for pt on anticoagulant
3) Therapeutic value for pt with heart vales
A
1) 1 - 2
2) 2 - 3
3) 3 - 4
* if greater than 4-hold coumadin
6
Q
Two types of replacement valves
A
Mechanical
Tissue
7
Q
three (3) points to understand about mechanical replacement valves
A
- more durable (client expectancy >15 years or more)
- fewer infections
- Need Anticoagulation–thrombus risk
8
Q
three (3) points to understand about tissue replacement valves
A
- anticoagulation contraindicated for client
- young or old patient
- good for patients that are NOT medication compliant
9
Q
Repair of heart valve
A
Valvuloplasty
10
Q
Percutaneous Valvuloplasty
—NURSING CARE—
(5)
A
- Check puncture site for bleeding/hematoma
- bedrest with leg straight
- HOB elevated <30 degrees
- assess for s/s emboli and HF
- Vascular status affected leg (color, movement, sensation, temperature, pulse quality)
11
Q
Valve Replacement
—NURSING CARE–
(5)
A
- monitor for thromboembolism–stroke or MI signs
- Long-term warfarin therapy for mechanical valve
- Monitor for s/s of endocarditis with tissue valve (fever, heart failure)
- Treat arrhythmias- (digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers)
- Patient teaching–prophylactic antibiotics
