Vasopressors/ Sympathomimetics

Question 1

vasopressors are NOT a replacement for

Answer 1

Adequate volume
Blood
TOO MUCH ANESTHESIA

Question 2

ephedrine class

Answer 2

Mixed - acting synthetic non-catecholamine sympathomimetic

Question 3

ephedrine indirect effects

Answer 3

Ephedrine at Alpha-1 and Beta-1 receptors displaces norepinephrine presynaptic vesicles

Question 4

what occurs when norepinephrine is released

Answer 4

activates the postsynaptic receptors to cause arterial and venous vasoconstriction and increased myocardial contraction

Question 5

ephedrine direct effect

Answer 5

directly stimulates β- 2

Question 6

ephedrine effects

Answer 6

Increased heart rate, cardiac output , and some SVR increase

Question 7

what is ephedrine good for

Answer 7

bradycardia and hypotension

Question 8

α-1 receptors

Answer 8

walls of blood vessels
urinary retention
mydriasis (pupil dilation)
ejaculation

Question 9

α-2 receptors

Answer 9

pre-synaptic neuron

Question 10

β-1 effects

Answer 10

heart and kidneys

Question 11

β-2 receptors

Answer 11

smooth muscle relaxation

lungs, vessels, GI tract, bladder, uterus, liver

Question 12

β-3 receptors

Answer 12

adipose tissue, bladder

Question 13

ephedrine uses

Answer 13

increases BP/HR, CO and contractility, PONV, bronchodilator effect

Question 14

ephedrine in OB

Answer 14

can cause fetal tachycardia and acidosis which was associated with lower umbilical artery pH at delivery

Question 15

ephedrine contraindicaitons (med and condition)

Answer 15

MAO inhibitors

pheochromocytoma

Question 16

ephedrine should be used in caution in patients with

Answer 16

coronary artery disease

Question 17

which drug can cause tachyphylaxis

Answer 17

ephedrine

Question 18

ephedrine dose

Answer 18

5-10 mg to increase BP/HR

Question 19

ephedrine dose for antiemetic effect

Answer 19

25 mg IM before the end of surgery

Question 20

1 cc ephedrine + 9 cc NS =

Answer 20

5 mg/cc

Question 21

phenylephrine mechanism of action

Answer 21

Directly stimulates alpha-1 receptors, minimal effect on alpha-2 or Beta receptors

Question 22

phenylephrine uses

Answer 22

hypotension, decreased CO in patients with LV dysfunction

Question 23

phenylephrine causes

Answer 23

constriction of cutaneous, mesenteric, splenic and renal vessels

Question 24

what is the vasopressor of choice in OB

Answer 24

phenylephrine

Question 25

how does phenylephrine increase blood pressure and what does it cause?

Answer 25

causes vasoconstriction to increase BP, reflex decrease in HR, increase in coronary blood flow

Question 26

phenylephrine dose

Answer 26

50-100 mcg titration to effect

Question 27

.1 cc phenylephrine + 9.9 cc NS =

Answer 27

100 mcg/cc

Question 28

which drug will not cause a decrease in uterine blood flow

Answer 28

ephedrine wont decrease uterine blood flow

Question 29

which vasopressor possesses some antiemetic property

Answer 29

ephedrine

Question 30

which vasopressor is good for hypotension from regional anesthestsia

Answer 30

ephedrine

Question 31

which vasopressor can cause fetal tachycardia and acidosis

Answer 31

ephedrine (this is why phenylephrine is preferred)

Question 32

which vasopressor is now preferred in OB

Answer 32

phenylephrine

Question 33

which vasopressor has faster onset and shorter duration of action

Answer 33

phenylephrine

Question 34

which vasopressor maintains fetal pH

Answer 34

phenylephrine