Non-opioid Adjuncts Flashcards
Gabapentin mechanism of action
Decrease hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons caused by tissue damage
Modulation of calcium-induced release of glutamate centrally in dorsal horn
Activation of descending noradrenergic pathways in the spinal cord and brain
gabapentin dose
300-600 mg PO preop
gabapentin cautions
Careful in old age and low GFR, morbidly obese, OSA
gabapentin is used frequently in
chronic/neuropathic pain
gabapentin effect on postoperative sedation
can increase it
celebrex mechanism of action
selective COX-2 inhibitor
celebrex dose
100-200 mg PO
celebrex is associated with an increased risk of
stroke, MI, worsening HTN
when to avoid celebrex
in known history of CAD or cerebrovascular disease
methocarbamol (robaxin) mechanism of action
Central Acting Skeletal Muscle Relaxant
Depresses the CNS leading to relaxation of the muscles
how should methocarbamol be used
as an adjunct
can methocarbamol cause sedation
yes
methocarbamol dose
1 gram IV slowly over 15-20 min
methocarbamol side effects
Can cause hypotension, bradycardia, and convulsions if given rapidly
when should methocarbamol be avoided
liver and renal dysfunction
ketorolac (toradol) mechanism of action
non-selective Cox 1 and Cox 2 inhibitor