Vasodilators - Calcium channel blockers

Question 1

Cardiovascular effects of CCBs

Answer 1

PVR: Decrease.

Left ventricular hypertrophy: Decrease

Question 2

Vasodilators used for hypertension - 1 group, 4 drugs

Answer 2

Calcium channel blockers.
Nitroprusside.
Minoxidil.
Hydralazine.
Fendolopam.

Question 3

CCBs - indications

Answer 3

Angina pectoris, HT, peripheral vascular disorders, cardiac arrhythmias.

Question 4

CCBs - MOA as antihypertensive drugs

Answer 4

Block calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation (with greater effect on arteriolar than venous smooth muscle), May have some natriuretic effect.

Question 5

Diltiazem and verapamil - additional effect

Answer 5

Reduce HR and cardiac output.

Question 6

CCBs drugs - 1 group + 2 drugs

Answer 6

Dihydropyridine class.
Diltiazem
Verapamil

Question 7

Dihydropyridine class of CCBs - 5 drugs

Answer 7

Amlodipine
Felodipine
Isradipine
Nicardipine
Nifedipine

Question 8

CCBs - benefits

Answer 8

Protect agains stroke, CHD, kidney disease.

Do not increase glucose, uric acid, lipids, electrolytes.

Question 9

Diltiazem and verapamide are beneficial in pts with…

Answer 9

Renal disease: reduce protein excretion.

Question 10

CCBs are especially useful in which pt group with HT?

Answer 10

Asthma or African heritage

Question 11

Preferred CCBs in hypertension

Answer 11

Amlopidine (long-acting).

SR nifedipine.

Question 12

Dihydropyridine CCBs - adverse effects

Answer 12

Dizziness, edema, gingival hyperplasia, headache, reflex tachycardia.

Question 13

Dihyrdopyridine CCBs - interactions

Answer 13

Azole antifungals, cimetidine and grapefruit increase serum levels

Question 14

Diltiazem and verapamil- adverse effects

Answer 14

AV block, bradycardia, constipation, dizziness, edema, gingival hyperplasia, headache, heart failure.

Question 15

Diltiazem and verapamil - interactions

Answer 15

Increases levels of: Carbamazepine, digoxin, theophylline