Angiotensin inhibitors 2 (ARBs + Aliskiren)

Question 1

ARBs - cardiovascular effects

Answer 1

PVR: Decrease
Plasma renin activity: Increase
Left ventricular hypertrophy: Decrease

Question 2

ARBs - effects on potassium

Answer 2

Serum potassium: Increase

Question 3

ARBs + aliskiren - adverse effects

Answer 3

Hyperkalemia

ARBs: Neutropenia, elevated liver enzymes. Fetal injury and death

Question 4

ARBs - interactions

Answer 4

Cimetidine - increase serum levels.

Phenobarbital - decrease serum levels

Question 5

Aliskiren - effects on potassium

Answer 5

Serum potassium: Increase

Question 6

Aliskiren - interaction

Answer 6

Reduced levels of furosemide.

Cyclosporine - increased levels of aliskiren

Question 7

ARBs - MOA

Answer 7

Selectively block AT1 receptors: reduced vasoconstriction, aldosterone secretion, Na reabsoption, NR release.

Question 8

ARBs - 5 drugs

Answer 8

Candesartan
Irbesartan
Losartan
Talmisartan
Valsartan

Question 9

Losartan - benefits

Answer 9

Greater reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy, less risk of stroke and new onset diabetes than atenolol.

Question 10

Telmisartan - benefits

Answer 10

Increase insulin sensitivity by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma.

Question 11

ARBs - contraindications

Answer 11

Pregnancy

Question 12

Aliskiren - MOA

Answer 12

Binds to active site of renin and prevents formation of angiotensin I. Lowers plasma renin activity, angiotensin I and II.

Question 13

Aliskiren - benefits

Answer 13

Protect against compensatory increases of angiotensin II caused by other drugs.