Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

159 - Regional Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation > Vasoconstrictors > Flashcards

Vasoconstrictors Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of vasoconstrictors (3)

A

Prolong duration of local anesthesia
Decrease likelihood of toxicity
Provide hemostatic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Groups of vasoconstrictors (3)

A

Pyrocathetic (epi & ne)
Benzol (levo)
Phenol (phenylephrine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mode of action of vasoconstrictors

A

are direct acting agents that attach directly to adrenergic receptors to produce sympathetic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adrenergic receptor that produce vasoconstriction when stimulated

A

alpha receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adrenergic receptors that produce vasodilation when stimulated

A

beta receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

beta receptor in the heart and small intestine

A

beta 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

beta receptor in the bronchi and vascular beds

A

beta 2, for bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vasoconstrictor drugs (5)

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Levonordefrin
Phenylephrine
Felypressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain the rebound activity

A

excessive bleeding following use of epinephrine, vasodilation after vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dominant effect of norepinephrine stimulates which adrenergic receptor

A

Alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dominant effect of epinephrine stimulates which adrenergic receptor

A

Equal alpha and beta

at higher dose = alpha
at lower dose = beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F. Epinephrine stimulates the CNS even below toxic levels

A

F. After toxic level is reached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Vasoconstrictor that increases blood glucose

A

Epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dosage of epinephrine for healthy patients

A

0.2mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dosage of epinephrine for patients with cardiac problems

A

0.04mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dosage of norepinephrine for patients with cardiac problems

A

0.14mg

17
Q

Dosage of norepinephrine for healthy patients

A

0.34mg

18
Q

Tissue necrosis due to intense vasoconstriction

A

Ischemic effect

19
Q

Vasoconstrictor associated with ischemic effect

A

norepinephrine

20
Q

Dosage of levonordefrin for patients with cardiac problems

A

0.4mg

21
Q

Dosage of levonordefrin for healthy patients

A

1mg

22
Q

Dosage of phenylephrine for patients with cardiac problems

A

1.6mg

23
Q

Dosage of phenylephrine for healthy patients

A

4mg

24
Q

Dosage of felypressin

A

0.27 IU (9ml of 0.03 IU/ml soln)

25
Q

Vasoconstrictor that mostly affect smaller blood vessels such as arterioles

A

levonordefrin

26
Q

Vasoconstrictor associated with arteriolar constriction

A

levonordefrin

27
Q

Least potent vasoconstrictor

A

phenylephrine

28
Q

Most stable vasoconstrictor

A

phenylephrine

29
Q

Vasoconstrictor similar to an antidiuretic hormone

A

felypressin

30
Q

Nonsympathomimetic vasoconstrictor

A

felypressin

31
Q

Contraindication of felypressin

A

preggers

32
Q

Vasoconstrictor whose action is more pronounced in the venous microcirculation

A

felypressin

33
Q

Termination of action of endogenous vasoconstrictors

A

reuptake in the blood stream and restorage in the adrenal medulla

34
Q

Termination of action of exogenous vasoconstrictors (3)

A
  1. Deactivation by extraneuronal enzymes (Catechol-O-methyl-transferase)
  2. Uptake by the bloodstream
  3. Intraneuronal enzymatic destruction (monoamine oxidase/MAO)
35
Q

Selection of vasoconstrictor is based on: (2)

A

Duration of desired effect
Physical condition of the patient

36
Q

Potential drug interaction of vasoconstrictors (4)

A
  1. Tricyclic antidepressants
  2. MAO inhibitors (for hypertension and certain states of mental depression)
  3. Alpha blockers (phenothiazine, phentolamine, -osin hypertension meds)
  4. Beta blockers (-olol hypertension meds)
37
Q

Systemic conditions that limit the use of vasoconstriction (5)

A
  1. Thyrotoxicosis
  2. Cardiovascular conditions (also a contraindication)
  3. Diabetes Mellitus
  4. Desire to produce hemostasis
  5. Concurrent Medication

159 - Regional Anesthesia and Conscious Sedation (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions