Sedative Drugs Flashcards
Component of diazepam that makes it more miscible with blood
40% propylene glycol
Component of diazepam that is an irritant
40% propylene glycol
Component of diazepam that controls pH
5% sodium benzoate & benzoic acid
Component of diazepam that is a preservative
benzyl alcohol
Natural form of diazepam
pale yellow odorless crystalline powder
Where does diazepam act on and what is the mechanism of action
acts on hippocampus as an anti-convulsant by inhibiting the action of Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Contraindication of diazepam and what is the subsequent effect
Pregnant patients bc it causes congenital malformations
Acute narrow glaucoma bc it increases interpupillary pressure
allergy to diazepam / benzodiazepines
How long until peak level of diazepam is hit
1-2mins
Half life of diazepam
alpha - 45 minutes
beta - 30 hours
Describe phases 1-4 of sedation
Phase 1 - (0-15 mins) responsive to verbal command but slow
Phase 2 - (16-30 mins) more aware of surroundings but still sedated
Phase 3 - (30-45 mins) More or less normal, but drug is still in effect
Phase 4 - (46-60 mins) drug has been redistributed
When observed, patient is in correct sedation
Verrill’s sign (half awake, half asleep)
Milk of amnesia
Propofol
Sedation of mechanically ventilated adults
Propofol
Narcotic that when combined with diazepam creates a milky white precipitate
nalbuphine
Narcotic contraindicated for patients with MAO inhibitor
Morphine
Antidote for muscle rigidity due to rapid infusion of fentanyl
succinylcholine
Technique that combines three drugs in conscious sedation
Jorgensen’s Technique
Drugs combined in Jorgensen’s
sedative, narcotic agonist, antisialogogue
Drugs that inhibit actions of anticholinesterase drugs
Anti emergence delirium (physostigmine)
Antidote for atropine overdose
physostigmine
State where patients appear awake, eyes open, capable of muscular movement but unaware of or disassociated from the environment
Cataleptic anesthesia
Drugs for allergic reactions
antihistamines
Contraindications of barbiturates
preggies and asthmatics
This anticholinesterase drug causes rash like appearance due to vasodilation
Atropine - atropine flush
Measures CO2 levels
capnograph
Monitor heart rate, BP, ECG, O2 Saturation, O2
Volume
cardioscope
measures oxygen saturation
pulse oximeter
Converts liquid anesthesia into gas
vaporizer
