Vasculitis

Question 1

What are the two large vessel vasculites?

Answer 1

1. temporal giant cell arteritis

2. Takayasu arteritis

Question 2

How are takayasu and temporal giant cell arteritis primarily distinguished?

Answer 2

takayasu 50

Question 3

Temporal giant cell arteritis has what distinguishing symptom?

Answer 3

• major headache

- temporal artery is very tender

Question 4

What is the pathology behind temporal giant cell arteritis?

Answer 4

T cell mediated immune response against endothelial wall antigen

Question 5

What is the treatment for temporal giant cell arteritis? why is early treatment important?

Answer 5

corticosteroids

-patients can go blind if not treated ASAP

Question 6

What vessels does takayasu mainly affect?

Answer 6

aortic arch and branch points

Question 7

What is a main symptom of takayasu?

Answer 7

pulselessness of extremities

Question 8

What is the treatment for takayasu?

Answer 8

corticosteroids

Question 9

What are the three medium vessel vasculites?

Answer 9

1. PAN
2. kawasaki
3. thromboangitis obliterans or buerger

Question 10

PAN involves many organs, but what organ does it commonly spare?

Answer 10

the lungs

Question 11

What two underlying conditions is PAN associated with?

Answer 11

Hep B and hairy cell leukemia

Question 12

In what medium vasculites, is hypertension a common symptom?

Answer 12

PAN

Question 13

Describe the visual appearance of PAN

Answer 13

“string of pearls”

fibrinoid necrosis with lesions of different ages

Question 14

What age group and ethnicity does kawasaki typically affect?

Answer 14

asian children<4

Question 15

What is the main symptom of kawasaki disease?

Answer 15

erythematous rash of palms and soles

Question 16

Why is kawasaki disease so dangerous?

Answer 16

coronary artery involvement is common

Question 17

What antibodies are present in kawasaki?

Answer 17

anti-endothelial

Question 18

What is the treatment for PAN?

Answer 18

corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide

Question 19

What is the treatment for kawasaki?

Answer 19

aspirin and IVIG

-disease is self-limited

Question 20

In which vasculites is the ESR typically increased?

Answer 20

• temporal giant cell

- takayasu

Question 21

What is the visual appearance of buerger disease?

Answer 21

necrotizing vasculitis of the digits

Question 22

What is buerger disease highly associated with?

Answer 22

smoking

Question 23

What are the four small artery vasculites?

Answer 23

1. Granulomatosis with polyangitis (wegener)
2. microscopic polyangitis
3. churg-strauss
4. henoch schonlein

Question 24

What three organs are typically affected in granulomatosis wtih polyangitis?

Answer 24

nasopharynx, lungs, kidneys

Question 25

What is the mechanism behind granulomatosis with polyangitis?

Answer 25

C-ANCA antibodies present - t cell mediated hypersensitivity response

Question 26

What is the treatment for granulomatosis with polyangitis

Answer 26

cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids

Question 27

In which vasculites are pANCA antibodies present?

Answer 27

microscopic polyangitis and churg strauss

Question 28

Microscopic polyangitis typically affects many organs, but which two especially?

Answer 28

lung and kidneys

Question 29

Eosinophilia and asthma are associated with which vasculites?

Answer 29

churg-strauss

Question 30

What is the mechanism behind HSP?

Answer 30

IgA immune complex deposition

Question 31

What population does HSP typically affect?

Answer 31

kids under 20 with a upper respiratory tract infection