Vasculitis Flashcards
what is the most common systematic vasculitis
GCA (Giant cell arteritis)
Describe patholhysiology of systematic vasculitis
primary- idiopathic autoummine
secondary- drugs, infection, rheumatoid arth
Activated immune cells infiltrate cessel wal
how can vasculitis be classified
vessel size
consensus classification (chapel hill)
what conditions are included in large vessel vasculitits
- Giant cell arteritis
- Takayasu arteritis
what conditions are influded in medium vessel vasculitits
- Kawasaki disease
- polyarteritis nodosa
what conditions are included in small cell vaculitis
ANCA associated
-microscopic polyangitis
-granulomatosis with polyangitis
-immunoglobulin A vasculitis
ANCA negative
-cutenaus leukocytoclastic vasculitis
-essential cryloglobulnaemia
how is vasculitits treated
- corticosteroids
- high dose IV (methylprednisolone)
- additional immune suppression - cluclophosphamide, rituximab
- DMARDS
what is giant cell arteritis (GCA)
most common
-common white European 70+
-differential -
what are the complications of Giant cell arthitis
bilateral simultaneos/sequential loss in vision
clinical features of giant cell arteritis (GCA)
- new local headache
- visual symptoms (blurring, amarosis figax, diplopia, photopsia, vis loss)
- scalp tender
- jaw and tongue claudication
- polymyalidia
- constitutional symptoms
- fever
- vomiting (raised icp)
investigations for giant cell arteritis
anermia
thrombocytosis
raised crp/erc
temporal artery biopsy
ultrasounds (unl and bilateral halo)
how is giant cell artertisis managed (GCA)
40-60mg prednisolone
ive methyprenisolong in visual loss
