Vascular Disease Flashcards
what is the classical feature of aortic dissection?
chest pain
* anterior –> ascending aorta
* back –> descending aorta
what is seen on CXR in aortic dissection?
widening of aorta
how is aortic dissection diagnosed?
CT scan
how is aortic dissection managed?
- medical (type B)
- surgical (type A)
what is cervical rib?
- supernumery fibrous band arising from C7
- congenital extra rib
what can cervical rib cause?
thoracic outlet syndrome
what is the management of cervical rib?
surgical division of rib
what is subclavian steal syndrome caused by?
proximal stenotic lesion of the subclavia artery
what is the pathophysiology of subclavian steal syndrome?
- proximal stenotic lesion of the subclavian artery
- retrograde flow through vertebral or internal thoracic arteries
- decrease in cerebral blood flow
- syncopal symptoms
what is the investigation of choice in subclavian steal syndrome?
duplex scan
+/-
angiogram
what is takayasu’s arteritis?
large vessel granulomatous vasculitis
what does takayasu’s arteritis result in?
intimal narrowing
who is commonly affected by takayasu’s arteritis?
young asian females
how do people with takayasu’s arteritis present?
- features of mild systemic illness
- pulseless peripheries
- vascular insufficiency
- systolic heart murmur
what is the management of takayasu’s arteritis?
steroids
what is patent ductus arteriosis?
ductus arteriosus remains open after birth
what does patent ductus arteriosis result in?
high pressure oxygenated blood entering the pulmonary circuit
what is the consequence of not treating patent ductus arteriosis?
congestive cardiac failure
what is coarctation of the aorta?
aortic stenosis at the site of the ductus arteriosus insertion
who is more commonly diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta?
- boys
- Tuners
what are the features of coarctation of the aorta?
- arterial insufficiency (e.g. syncope, claudication)
- BP mismatch
what is the management of coarctation of the aorta?
- angioplasty
- surgical resection
