Various

Question 1

what are the 3 primary embryological vesicles?

Answer 1

• prosencephalon (forebrain)
• mesencephalon (midrain)
• rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

Question 2

what does the prosencephalon form?

Answer 2

• telencephalon (-> cerebral hemispheres)

- diencephalon (-> thalamus, 3rd ventricle, hypothalamus)

Question 3

what does the mesencephalon form?

Answer 3

• midbrain

- colliculi

Question 4

what does the rhombencephalon form?

Answer 4

• metencephalon (-> cerebellum, pons)
• myelencephalon (-> medulla)
• 4th ventricle

Question 5

what do the inferior cerebellar peduncles connect and what do they convey?

Answer 5

medulla -> cerebellum

efferent:

• ipsilateral muscle proprioception
• balance
• vestibular inputs

Question 6

what do the middle cerebellar peduncles connect and what do they convey?

Answer 6

pons -> cerebellum

efferent:
- motor plan (PMC -> cerebellum)

Question 7

what do the superior cerebellar peduncles connect and what do they convey?

Answer 7

midbrain -> cerebellum

afferent:
- ipsilateral proprioception & balance

efferent:
- dentate nucleus -> red nucleus + thalamus

Question 8

what are the main arteries that supply the brain and what do they arise from?

Answer 8

• internal carotid (common carotid)

- vertebral (subclavians)

Question 9

what are the branches of the internal carotid?

Answer 9

• ophthalmic
• posterior communicating
• anterior choroidal
• anterior cerebral
• (continues as) middle cerebral

Question 10

what are the branches of the vertebral artery?

Answer 10

• meningeal
• anterior & posterior spinal
• posterior inferior cerebellar
• (continues as) basilar (-> posterior cerebrals)

Question 11

what does the ophthalmic artery supply?

Answer 11

orbit

Question 12

what does the posterior communicating artery supply?

Answer 12

connecting vessel in the circle of willis

Question 13

what does the anterior choroidal artery supply?

Answer 13

structures important for motor control & vision

Question 14

what does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 14

anteromedial cerebrum

Question 15

what does the middle cerebral artery supply?

Answer 15

lateral cerebrum

Question 16

what does the posterior cerebral artery supply?

Answer 16

posterior cerebrum

Question 17

what does the meningeal artery supply?

Answer 17

falx cerebelli

Question 18

what do the anterior and posterior spinal arteries supply?

Answer 18

spinal cord

Question 19

what does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery supply?

Answer 19

cerebellum

Question 20

what does the basilar artery supply?

Answer 20

• cerebellum

- pons