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End OF Year 8 Revision - ST ANGELA@S > Variation, Inheritance and Evolution > Flashcards

Variation, Inheritance and Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

A long, coiled up length of DNA

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2
Q

What is a gene?

A

A short section of DNA that codes for a protein

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3
Q

What is DNA?

A

A long list of chemical instructions on how to build an organism

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4
Q

What do different genes do?

A

Control different characteristics

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5
Q

How do chromosomes exist in body cells?

A

In pairs

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6
Q

How many chromosomes are in a human body cell?

A

46 (23 pairs)

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7
Q

How many chromosomes are in a human sperm cell?

A

23

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8
Q

How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell?

A

23

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9
Q

Where does an organism inherit its chromosomes from?

A

One of each pair comes from each parent

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10
Q

What is variation?

A

Differences between organisms

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11
Q

What is a species?

A

A group of organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring

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12
Q

Why are different species different from one another?

A

Because they have different genes

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13
Q

What is an allele?

A

A different form of the same gene

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14
Q

Why do members of the same species show variation?

A

They possess different alleles, and due to environmental factors

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15
Q

Differences between members of the same species are known as?

A

characteristic feature

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16
Q

When a characteristic (such as height) can have any value within a range, it is called

A

Continuous variation

17
Q

When a characteristic (such as blood group) can have one of a few values, it is called

A

Discontinuous variation

18
Q

What process drives evolution?

A

Natural selection

19
Q

What other term is used to describe natural selection?

A

Survival of the fittest

20
Q

What is needed for evolution to occur?

A

Genetic variation and a selection pressure

21
Q

How can we prevent extinction of species?

A

Gene banks

End OF Year 8 Revision - ST ANGELA@S (6 decks)

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