Gas exchange and Breathing - Science Flashcards
How is carbon dioxide created by the body?
through respiration
How is oxygen used by the cells of the body?
in respiration
Give three ways that regular exercise affects the gas exchange system
Strengthens the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, increases the number and size of small blood vessels, increases the number of alveoli
Describe where the diaphragm is found in the gas exchange system
Below the lungs
State 2 things that may reduce lung volume
body size and certain diseases
What happens to oxygen in the air that enters alveoli?
diffuses from the alveoli into the blood
What is the name of the tube that carries air into the bronchi?
trachea
What can be used to measure lung volume?
spirometer
What happens to the diaphragm when breathing out?
relaxes and becomes dome-shaped
Name the small tubes that connect the bronchi to the alveoli
bronchioles
Give three ways that the lungs are adapted for gas exchange
good blood supply, large surface area, moist linings
Describe how carbon dioxide from respiration leaves the body via the gas exchange system.
diffuses from the blood to the alveoli, and is breathed out
What does ‘lung volume’ mean?
The amount of air you can breath into your lungs in a single breath
Describe what happens to the bronchioles during an asthma attack.
muscle contacts so airways narrow, fluid builds up in airways
Explain how air is pushed out of the lungs when breathing out.
diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, volume decreases, pressure increases, air moves out
