variation and inheritance

Question 1

what’s the definition of variation

Answer 1

the differences between members of the same species

Question 2

why does variation occur in species

Answer 2

due to sexual reproduction with in a species, as it allows genes from different parents to combine

Question 3

what’s the definition of continuous variation

Answer 3

a factor that has a range of values between maximum and minimum

Question 4

what’s the definition of discreet variation

Answer 4

the characteristics that can be separated into distinct groups

Question 5

3 examples of discrete variation

Answer 5

can/can’t roll tongue
blood type
eye colour

Question 6

3 examples of continuous variation

Answer 6

hieght
weight
shoe size

Question 7

name the two types of inheritance shown by characteristics in organisms

Answer 7

single gene and polygenic

Question 8

which from of variation is controlled by many genes (polygenic)

Answer 8

continuous

Question 9

which form of variation is controlled by a single gene

Answer 9

discrete

Question 10

number of genes involved in
1. single gene
2.polygenic

Answer 10

1.1 (single)
2. 2+ (many/several)

Question 11

what’s a definition and example of alleles

Answer 11

different form of a gene for a characteristics

eye colour & blood type

Question 12

what’s a definition and example of genotype

Answer 12

this is the set of genes that an organism posses

BB Bb

Question 13

what’s a definition and example of phenotype

Answer 13

physical appearance of a characteristics

hair colour - blond & brown

Question 14

what’s a definition and example of dominant genes

Answer 14

when one alleles mask or hide the others presence

brown eyes

Question 15

what’s a definition and example of recessive genes

Answer 15

the masked or hidden alleles

blue eyes

Question 16

what’s a definition and example of true breeding

Answer 16

organisms that is homozygous and can only pass on one type of allele for a particular characteristic

BB or bb

Question 17

what’s a definition and example of homozygous

Answer 17

when there are 2 alleles the same

bb

Question 18

what does polygenic mean

Answer 18

a characteristic controlled by many genes

Question 19

what’s a definition and example of heterozygous

Answer 19

when both alleles are different

Bb

Question 20

what are different forms of a gene
known as

Answer 20

alleles

Question 21

explain the meaning of the term phenotype

Answer 21

physical characteristics

Question 22

give three examples of the phenotypes that exists for hair colour in humans

Answer 22

brown, blond and black

Question 23

explain the meaning of the term monohybrid cross

Answer 23

a cross involving the inheritance of one only characteristic

Question 24

give a definition of a carrier

Answer 24

when someone has a dominant/recessive genotype for a gene

Question 25

why do some people undergo genetic counselling

Answer 25

when someone may carry an inheritance disorder they may go to get it checked before having a child

Question 26

define the term haploid and give one example

Answer 26

a cell with one set of chromosomes

sex cells

Question 27

what does p stand for

Answer 27

the first set of parents crossed

Question 28

what does F1 stand for

Answer 28

the first filial generation of offspring

Question 29

what does F2 stand for

Answer 29

the second filial generation of offspring

Question 30

what is an allele

Answer 30

different versions of the same gene

Question 31

what is the weaker allele known as

Answer 31

recessive allele

Question 32

describe why the predicted phenotype ratio off offspring may be different from the observed ratio

Answer 32

because fertilisation is a random process