Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOLOGY s3 course > producing new cells > Flashcards

producing new cells Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are cells

A

the building blocks of life / a basic unit of all living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

state 3 differences between animal and plant cells

A

plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast and vacuole which animal cells don’t have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why do most plant cells contain chloroplast

A

because chloroplast is used or photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

state the function of the cell membrane

A

it controls what enters and exits the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

state the function of the nucleus

A

it controls most cell activity and stores DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

state the location of most chemical reactions in a cell

A

cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the function of a vacuole in a plant cell

A

it supports the shape of the cell and stores cell sap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where does aerobic respiration take place in a cell

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why is respiration important to all cells

A

it is the process by which they produce energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

state the function of ribosomes

A

they are the sight of protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where are the mitrochondria and ribosomes found

A

in the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does photosynthesis take place in a plant

A

chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is photosynthesis

A

the process where plants make there own energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the purpose of chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis

A

it is the pigment In the process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in plants what is the cell wall compose of

A

cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

state three organelles present in a plant cell that are absent in an animal cell

A

cell wall, chloroplast and vacuole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

state the function of the mitochondria

A

site of aerobic espiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

state the function of the cell wall

A

gives support to the structure of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

state the function of the vacuole

A

store cell sap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

state the function of the ribosomes

A

the site of protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

state the function of the nucleus

A

controls most cell activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

state the function of the cell membrane

A

controls what enters and exits the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

give two reasons cell division is important

A

to produce new cells for growth and repair old cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which part of the cell controls cell division

A

the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are the structures in the nucleus called? what chemical are the made from and what do they do?

A

chromosomes- DNA- they carry genetic information

26
Q

what is mitosis

A

Mitosis is the process of cell division

27
Q

how many stages of mitosis are there

A

6

28
Q

what do chromosomes consist of

A

consists of 2 chromatids joined at a point called the centimetre

29
Q

where does photosynthesis take place

A

chloroplasts

30
Q

describe stage 1 of mitosis

A

the chromosomes become more visible when they form into 2 identical chromotides

31
Q

describe stage 2 of mitosis

A

the chromatids shorten and thicken

32
Q

describe stage 3 of mitosis

A

spindle fibres form, the nuclear membrane disintegrates and the spindle fibres fill the cell, each chromosome attaches to the spindle fibre at the cenotmeter

33
Q

where do the chromosomes attach to the spinde fibres

A

centomere

34
Q

describe stage 4 of mitosis

A

the chromatides are pulled apart by the spindle fibres and move to opposite ends of the cell (poles)

35
Q

describe stage 5&6 of mitosis

A

the nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes and the cytoplasm divides creating 2 daughter cells

36
Q

what is the name given to the original cell

A

mother cell

37
Q

what is the names given to the 2 new cells created

A

daughter cells

38
Q

what is the chromosome complement in humans

A

46

39
Q

another name for cell division

A

mitosis

40
Q

why is it important that the new cells produced have the diploid chromosomes complement

A

so it can function properly

41
Q

what are stem cells

A

unspecialised cells that divide to produce more stem cells or produce cells that can go on to become specialised cells

42
Q

where can stem cells be obtained (5)

A

-embryos
-foetuses
-umbilical cord blood
-amniotic fluid
-bone marrow and blood(these would be classed as tissue stem cells)

skin, liver,ancreas,muscels-frann

43
Q

describe 2 main differences between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells

A

embryonic have the ability to become any other cell but adult stem cells can only become one type of cell. Embryonic can divide continually(indefinitely )

44
Q

why are the use of embryonic stem cells considered to be controversial

A

because its destroying a potential human life

45
Q

if stem cell could produce organs, what problem that already inxsist could be overcome

A

you don’t need to wait for a death of a human for an organ donations

46
Q

what is the defination of a tissue

A

a group of similar cells working together to preform a function/job

47
Q

where would u find the cardiac muscle

A

round the heart

48
Q

what is the difference between a tissue and an organ

A

organs are a group of tissues working together

49
Q

what is cell sap

A

solution of sugar and salts

50
Q

what is cellulose

A

what plant walls are made up of

51
Q

what is the meaning of the term diploid

A

a cell containing a matching set of chromosomes

52
Q

define the term multicellular organism

A

term used to describe organism which consists of more than one cell

53
Q

define organel

A

structures within a cell each with a specific function

54
Q

define unicellular

A

term used to describe an organism that consists of just one cell

55
Q

what does mitosis do to the dipliod chromosomes complement

A

maintains it

56
Q

state the location of the chromosomes

A

nucleas

57
Q

what is the chromosome complement

A

the number of chromosomes found in the nucleas

58
Q

order the higharche smallest to biggest organs, tissues,cells,system

A

cells, tissue,organs,system

59
Q

where does cell division start

A

nucleas

60
Q

where do the cells line up during the mitosis

A

equator

BIOLOGY s3 course (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions