variation and evolution

Question 1

what is genetic variation?

what is environmental variation?

Answer 1

different characteristics as a result of mutation or reproduction

different characteristics as a result of the environment

Question 2

what were the 2 scientists with theories on evolution and what were they?

Answer 2

Charles darwin- the theory of evolution through natural selection

Lamrack- changes that occurred in the organisms life (characteristics that were constantly used) were passed on to offspring

Question 3

what is the theory of natural selection

Answer 3

• individual organisms may show differences to the rest of their species due to genetic variation
• individuals with characteristics more suited to the environment were more likely to survive and breed successfully
• those useful genes are passed on to the next generation

Question 4

how do new species arise due to isolation?

Answer 4

when species are isolated, they are separated.

this causes genetic variation on the different groups

natural selection occurs and certain genes are passed down

speciation occurs where are organisms are so different that successful inbreeding is no longer possible

Question 5

what 5 things do plants compete for?

Answer 5

• light
• carbon dioxide
• water
• nutrients from the soil
• oxygen

Question 6

what 3 things do animals compete for?

Answer 6

food
mates
territory

Question 7

what are the 3 types of adaptation explain and give an example

Answer 7

structural adaptation- how its shaped or coloured eg fur on a bear

behavioural adaptation- migration or huddling together

functional adaptation- physiological adaptation eg shivering

Question 8

what are extremophiles

Answer 8

organisms living in extreme conditions such as high pressures, temperatures and salt levels