Homeostasis

Question 1

what is homeostasis

Answer 1

this is the process the body uses to maintain constant internal environments

Question 2

why is homeostasis important

Answer 2

its important because body cells need constant conditions to work, enzymes need a constant temperature of 37 degrees to function

Question 3

what is body temperature controlled by

Answer 3

the thermoregulatory system in the brain

Question 4

CONTROLLING BODY TEMPERATURE

what happens when temperature rises in terms of blood vessels and sweat

Answer 4

vasodilation occurs resulting in heat loss to the environment. sweat glands secrete fluid. as the fluid evaporates heat is lost from the body

Question 5

what happens when temperature drops in terms of blood vessels muscles and sweat

Answer 5

vasoconstriction occurs which conserves heat and sweat glands do not secrete fluids. involuntary muscle contractions occur which generate heat

Question 6

which organ detects changes in blood glucose levels?

Answer 6

pancreas

Question 7

what is type 1 diabetes

Answer 7

this is when the pancreas doesn’t produce insulin resulting in too much glucose in the blood stream

Question 8

what is type 2 diabetes

Answer 8

this is when the cells in the body don’t respond to insulin resulting in too much glucose in the bloodstream. obesity is a factor

Question 9

How happens in terms of blood sugar regulation when a large meal is digested

Answer 9

1. a meal is digested and absorbed into the bloodstream
2. blood glucose levels rise
3. the pancreas detects this and releases insulin
4. insulin causes glucose from the blood stream to be moved into cells
5. the muscle and liver store glucose in the form of glycogen

Question 10

what happens when blood sugar levels are too low

Answer 10

1. the pancreas detects it and releases glucagon

2. the glucagon causes the glycogen to be converted back into glucose and released into the blood

Question 11

how can type 1 diabetes be controlled?

how can type 2 diabetes be controlled?

Answer 11

using insulin shots, careful control over diet and exercise

careful diet, exercise and drugs to help cells respond to insulin

Question 12

what are the 3 functions of the kidneys

Answer 12

• they filter blood and remove waste products like urea
• regulates ions by reabsorbing them or expelling them as urine
• maintaining water levels

Question 13

what are functions of the liver

Answer 13

during deamination excess amino acids are converted into urea

it detoxifies poisonous substances and passes the broken down products into the urine

Question 14

what happens when water levels drop

Answer 14

the pituitary gland releases the hormone ADH into the blood

this causes the kidneys to absorb more water and expel it as concentrated urine

Question 15

what happens when water levels rise

Answer 15

less ADH is released causing kidneys to absorb less water resulting in dilute urine