Valvular Heart Disease Flashcards
What is the cause of mitral stenosis
-rheumatic fever
What is the cause of mitral regurgitation
-dilated lv (dilated cardiomyopathy)
-mitral valve damage (IE, mitral valve prolapse)
MVP occurs in the connective tissue disease
What is the cause of aortic stenosis
-young age; bicuspid aortic valve
-old age; calcification
What is the cause of aortic regurgitation
BEAR
-bicuspid aortic valve
-endocarditis
-aortic root dilation
-RF
What is the complication of MS
-pulmonary edema
-dilated LA
-AF
-ortner syndrome
What is ortner syndrome
-left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy due to compression of dilated vein
What is the complication of MR
-pulmonary edema
-cardiogenic shock
What is the complication of AS
SAD
-syncope
-angina
-dyspnea (pulmonary edema)
What is the main pathophysiology of AR
-due to backflow to the left ventricle it leads to increase preload, thus during systolic, it will cause mark increase of systolic pressure to push out the preload in the left ventricle
patient with systolic murmur, crescendo-decrescendo that radiates to the carotid
-aortic stenosis
patient with systolic murmur, holosytolic that radiates to the axillae
-mitral regurgitation
patient with diastolic murmur with decrescendo
-aortic regurgitation
patient with diastolic murmur with opening snap with rumble
-aortic regurgitation
What are the signs of aortic regurgitation
-corrigan sign
-de-musset sign
-water hammer pulse
-wide pulse pressure
-quincke sign
-hill sign
-pistol shot
Murmur appears in aortic area, systolic murmur, also characterized by crescendo-decrescendo sound that radiates to the carotids, this condition is
-aortic stenosis
